CM: Child Psych 2 Flashcards
How can ADHD be recognized?
at least 6 symptoms involving inattentiveness, hyperactivity, or both that have persisted for at least 6 months
for 17 and older - 5 symptoms required
onset before 12, present in at least 2 settings (home and school)
What are some inattentive symptoms in ADHD?
problems listening, concentrating, paying attention to details, organizing tasks, easily distracted, forgetful, losing things, no follow through
What are some hyperactive-impulsive symptoms of ADHD?
blurting out, interrupting, fidgeting, leaving seat, talking excessively, can’t wait turn, on the go, can’t play or work quietly, runs/climbs excessively
What is the treatment for ADHD?
CNS stimulants (methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine) are gold standard behavior therapy, parental counseling, group therapy, addressing comorbids
How can oppositional defiant disorder be recognized?
at least 6 months of angry/irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness including at least four of: loses temper, easily annoyed, angry/resentful, argues w adults, defies or refuses requests, annoys others and is easily annoyed, blames others for mistakes, spiteful or vindictive
does not occur exclusively during mood, psychotic or substance use disorder
How can conduct disorder be recognized?
violating basic rights of others for at least 12 months
three of following: aggression to people or animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, serious violation of rules
What is necessary to specify conduct disorder w limited prosocial emotions?
2 of the following: lack of remorse or guilt, callous lack of empathy, unconcerned about performance, shallow or deficient affect
What are the biopsychosocial factors that may contribute to conduct disorder?
difficult infant temperament, low verbal IQ = genetics
chaotic home conditions, inconsistent parenting, harsh discipline, substance abuse by parents, lack of positive role models, poverty, abuse/neglect
association w delinquent peer group, neighborhood violence
What are common comorbidities in conduct disorder?
ADHD, depression, bipolar, substance abuse, psychosis, learning disorders
How can Tourette’s disorder be recognized?
multiple motor and verbal tics - occur many times a day for at least 1 yr, never tic free for more than 3 mos
onset before 18 yrs old
What is the pharmacological treatment for Tourette’s?
high potency DOPA-R antagonists (haloperidol)
alpha agonists and atypical antipsychotics (not FDA approved)
meds used in cases of impairment of fxning
How can enuresis be recognized?
nocturnal (more common) or diurnal, rule out med conditions (diabetes, seizures, UTI)
age at least 5, occurs at least 2x/wk for 3 mos
How can encopresis be recognized?
involuntary or inappropriate passage of feces after age 4
occured 1x/mo for 3 mos
can occur w or w/o constipation (which leads to overflow incontinence)
What are the different depressive symptoms in school-age children vs. adolescents vs. adults?
children: separation anxiety, somatic complaints, behavior problems
adolescents: anhedonia, suicidal ideation, irritability, aggression, withdrawal from relationships, dec attention to appearance and school work, substance abuse
adults: sleep/appetite changes, sad mood, psychomotor retardation
How can disruptive mood dysregulation disorder be recognized?
after age 6 and before 18, onset before age 10
severe recurrent temper outbursts, 3 or more times/wk, mood between outbursts still angry/irritable most of the day
symptoms 12 or more months, no periods of 3 months w/o symptoms during that time, present in >1 setting
no manic/hypomanic episodes of at least 1 day
cannot coexist w ODD, intermittent explosive disorder, bipolar
