Cloud concepts

Question 1

What is a geographical area of the world that is a collection of logically grouped data centers?

1. Availability Zone (AZ)
2. Data center
3. Region
4. Edge location

Answer 1

Región, a region is a geographical area of the world that is a collection of data centers logically grouped into availability zones

Question 2

When configuring an Application Load Balancer (ALB), what step should you take to ensure a highly available architecture?

Set up multiple edge locations for your load balancer.

Set up more than 1 ALB

Configure the load balancer to serve traffic to multiple Availability Zones.

Set up cross-region Load Balancing

Answer 2

Configure the load balancer to serve traffic to multiple Availability Zones.

You would set up the load balancer to deliver traffic across multiple Availability Zones.

Question 3

A company is considering a serverless architecture and wants to build and run applications without having to manage infrastructure. Which AWS services should the company consider using when building applications?
choose 4
s3
Lambda
DynamoDB
EC2
Fargate

Answer 3

s3, lambda, dynamodb, fargate

Question 4

A solutions architect is designing a system to withstand the failure of one or more components. What type of system is able to withstand failure?
choose 1
Secure

Elastic

Durable

Highly available

Answer 4

Highly available

Highly available systems are designed to operate continuously without failure for a long time. These systems avoid loss of service by reducing or managing failures.

Question 5

Which statement below is one of the 6 advantages of cloud computing?

a. Trade variable expense for capital expense.
b. Benefit from increased speed and agility.
c. Benefit from minor economies of scale.
d. Easily guess capacity.

Answer 5

Benefit from increased speed and agility.

In a cloud computing environment, new IT resources are only a click away, which means you reduce the time to make those resources available to your developers from weeks to just minutes. This results in a dramatic increase in agility for the organization since the cost and time it takes to experiment and develop is significantly lower.

Question 6

The CTO of a software company has requested an executive summary detailing the advantages of a potential move to the AWS Cloud. What can you say is an advantage of an RDS database over a traditional database?

a. It is 5 times faster than traditional databases.
b. AWS maintains the underlying OS and performs software patching on the database.
c. It is much easier to convert to a NoSQL database.
d. There is much greater access for DBAs.

Answer 6

B. AWS maintains the underlying OS and performs software patching on the database.

RDS is a managed service that makes it easy to launch and manage relational databases. RDS does provide a lot of value, like automated backups and software patching, and frees you up to focus on your applications. https://aws.amazon.com/rds/

Question 7

A small company has purchased a new system which they want to deploy in the AWS Cloud but does not have anyone with the required AWS skill set to perform the deployment. Which service can help with this?

choose 1

a. AWS Support
b.Trusted Advisor
c. AWS Partner Network (APN) Technology Partners
d. AWS Partner Network (APN) Consulting Partners

Answer 7

d. AWS Partner Network (APN) Consulting Partners

APN Consulting Partners include professional services organizations like system integrators, strategic consultancies, agencies, managed service providers (MSPs), and value-added resellers. In this case, we would engage a Consulting Partner to help us deploy a new system to the AWS Cloud. AWS Documentation:

Question 8

A company has an application with user bases in both Australia and Canada. The company has deployed their application to servers currently provisioned in the Canada (Central) Region. Unfortunately, Australian users are experiencing high latency and slow download times. How can the company reduce latency?

choose 1

a. Use S3 Transfer Acceleration to speed up delivery of static content to users in Australia.

b. Provision resources across Availability Zones in the Canada (Central) Region to handle the demand.

c. Set up Direct Connect for users in Australia.

d. Provision resources to the Asia Pacific (Sydney) Region in Australia.

Answer 8

d. Provision resources to the Asia Pacific (Sydney) Region in Australia.

A multi-Region deployment solves the issue by deploying the application closest to the user base.

Question 9

A company is considering the cloud deployment models when planning a new application. Which deployment model allows the company to fully stop spending money running and maintaining data centers?

choose 1

a. Private cloud
b. Hybrid cloud
c. Public cloud
d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 9

c. Public cloud

With the public cloud, all resources run in the cloud. Don’t forget: This is the AWS Cloud.

IS NOT—-A

Private cloud

With the private cloud, all resources run on-premises. Don’t forget: This is your internal data center.

Question 10

Which of the following is an AWS global service?

choose 1

a. Amazon RDS
b. EC2
c. IAM
d. VPC

Answer 10

c. IAM

Identity and Access Management is a global service.

IS NOT____A
Amazon RDS

RDS is a regional service.

Question 11

You have an EC2 instance that contains a web application being put into operation. To prepare for the application going live for public use, you add a few more instances in a distributed manner in order to handle an increase in load. Which concept is used to measure a system’s ability to grow to accommodate an increase in demand?

choose 1

a. Reliability
b. Elasticity
c. Scalability
d. Durability

Answer 11

c. Scalability

Scalability means the systems can adapt to meet new levels of demand. There are both horizontal and vertical scaling in regards to compute resources. Horizontal scaling involves the adding of instances of the same size. Vertical scaling is typically a manual process where the size of the instance is changed. AWS Documentation:

IS NOT B—-
Elasticity

Elasticity describes the ability to acquire resources as you need them and release resources when you no longer need them. In the cloud, you want to do this automatically. Most people, when thinking of cloud computing, think of the ease with which they can procure resources when needed. This is only one aspect to elasticity. The other aspect is to contract when they no longer need resources. Scale out and scale in. Scale up and scale down. AWS Documentation:

Question 12

Your company has decided to migrate entirely to the AWS Cloud. Which answers are a part of the 6 advantages of cloud computing?

choose2

a. Benefit from minor economies of scale.

b. Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers.

c. Trade variable expense for capital expense.

d. Go global in minutes

Answer 12

b. Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers.

d. Go global in minutes

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a system that will remain operational even in the event of a component failure?
choose 1
a. Elastic

b. Scalable

c. Highly available

d. Fault tolerant

Answer 13

d. Fault tolerant

A fault-tolerant system will remain operational even in the event of a component failure

IS NOT C—
c. Highly available

Highly available systems are designed to operate continuously without failure for a long time.

Question 14

Which of the following is a shared control of the AWS shared responsibility model?

choose 1

a. Identity and Access Management

b. Data center security

c. EC2 instance application configuration

d. Awareness and training

Answer 14

d. Awareness and training

Shared controls are elements of the shared responsibility model where both AWS and the customer have shared responsibilities within their own contexts. Awareness and training is a shared control, since AWS trains AWS employees, but a customer must train their own employees.

IS NOT — C

EC2 instance application configuration

Shared controls are elements of the shared responsibility model where both AWS and the customer have shared responsibilities within their own contexts. Configuration of an application within an EC2 instance remains the responsibility of the customer.

Question 15

When you access tools provided to build a storefront application that runs on another company’s server, which cloud computing model are you using?

a. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

b. Function as a Service (FaaS)

c. Software as a Service (SaaS)

d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 15

a. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS is often used by developers to develop software using web-based tools.

IS NOT —d

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS offers building blocks that can be rented. When you pay a web hosting fee, you’re using IaaS.

Question 16

If you have a new application and you are not sure about future demand, which of the below characteristics of cloud make cloud an ideal place to host it?

choose 3

a. No single point of failure

b. No upfront payment

c. Performance efficiency

d. Pay as you go

e. High availability

f. Scalability

Answer 16

b. No upfront payment

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

d. Pay as you go

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

f. Scalability

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

Question 17

What are the 3 cloud computing models?

choose 3

a. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
b. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
c. Software as a Service (SaaS)
d. Function as a Service (FaaS)

Answer 17

a. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS is 1 of the 3 cloud computing models.

b. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS is 1 of the 3 cloud computing models.

c. Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS is 1 of the 3 cloud computing models.

IS NOT D
Function as a Service (FaaS)

FaaS describes a service that allows you to execute code in response to events. AWS Lambda is a good example of this.

Question 18

Which cloud computing model offers fundamental building blocks that can be rented?

choose 1

a. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

b. Function as a Service (FaaS)

c. Software as a Service (SaaS)

d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 18

d. nfrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS offers building blocks that can be rented. EC2 is an example of IaaS.

Question 19

A system’s ability to grow to accommodate an increase in demands is an example of which cloud concept?

choose 1

a. Scalability

b. Automation

c. Elasticity

d.High availability

Answer 19

a. Scalability

Scalability is the concept that describes a measurement of a system’s ability to grow to accommodate an increase in demand. Successful, growing, systems often see an increase in demand over time. A system that is scalable can adapt to meet this new level of demand. AWS Documentation

IS NOT C—
Elasticity

With elasticity, you have the ability to acquire resources as you need them and release resources when you no longer need them. In the cloud, you want to do this automatically.

Question 20

An organization is considering migrating internal applications to the AWS Cloud. The organization will follow the pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework. Which items are pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework?

choose 2

a. Operational Excellence

b. Reliability

c.Elasticity

d. Scalability

e. Ease of Use

Answer 20

a. Operational Excellence

The Operational Excellence pillar includes the ability to support development and run workloads effectively, gain insight into their operations, and to continuously improve supporting processes and procedures to deliver business value.

b. Reliability

The Reliability pillar encompasses the ability of a workload to perform its intended function correctly and consistently when it’s expected to. This includes the ability to operate and test the workload through its total lifecycle.

Question 21

You have recently started using AWS and now need to launch a large number of instances in your VPC. You learn that this number exceeds the service limits for instances in a VPC. What can you do?

choose 1

a. Contact AWS and request a service limit increase.

b. Use Auto Scaling and the service limit can be exceeded.

c. Upgrade your support plan to increase this service limit.

d. There is nothing that can be done. Redesign based on a smaller number of instances.

Answer 21

a. Contact AWS and request a service limit increase.

Use the Limits page in the Amazon EC2 console to request an increase in the limits for resources provided by Amazon EC2 or Amazon VPC on a per-Region basis.

Question 22

Which deployment types offers the advantages of cloud computing?

choose 2

a. Hybrid cloud

b. Public cloud

c. Private cloud

d. On-premises cloud

Answer 22

a. Hybrid cloud

A hybrid cloud is a combination of public and private clouds.

b. Public cloud

Public cloud (offered by AWS) provides advantages of cloud computing.

Question 23

Which of the following are characteristics of cloud computing?
Choose 3
a. Pay-as-you-go pricing

b. Services are delivered via the internet.

c. Cloud charges are capital expenditures.

d. No extra skills or training are required.

e. On-demand delivery

Answer 23

a. Pay-as-you-go pricing

The on-demand delivery via the internet of services with pay-as-you-go pricing characterizes cloud computing.

b. Services are delivered via the internet.

The on-demand delivery via the internet of services with pay-as-you-go pricing characterizes cloud computing. Services incurred from a cloud services provider are operating expenses, not capital expenses. Capital expenditure (CapEX) is less common with the cloud, in favor of operational expenditure (OpEx). Skills and training for personnel are required to leverage cloud computing.

e. On-demand delivery

The on-demand delivery via the internet of services with pay-as-you-go pricing characterizes cloud computing.

Question 24

A company on the Business Support plan currently runs all their applications in a single Region. They have made the decision to expand to multiple Regions. What is the process to start deploying their applications to the new Regions?

choose 1

a. Reach out to their Technical Account Manager (TAM) for assistance.

b. Copy the existing Availability Zone group to the new Regions.

c. Open an account and billing support case with AWS Support.

d. Just start deploying the applications to the new Regions.

Answer 24

d. Just start deploying the applications to the new Regions.

You are free to deploy your applications to new Regions. Don’t forget: CloudFormation can make the process of provisioning resources easier and repeatable.

Question 25

Your company has decided to use Amazon WorkSpaces. They can use Amazon WorkSpaces to provision either Windows or Linux desktops in just a few minutes. What type of solution is this?

choose 1

a. IaaS

b. SaaS

c. PaaS

d. DaaS

Answer 25

d. DaaS

Amazon WorkSpaces provides a Desktop as a Service (DaaS) solution.

IS NOT C—-
PaaS

A good example of Platform as a Service (PaaS) is AWS Elastic Beanstalk. A PaaS service removes the need for organizations to manage the underlying infrastructure (usually hardware and operating systems) and allows you to focus on the deployment and management of your applications.

Question 26

Which statement is true regarding the AWS Global Infrastructure?

choose 1

a. Availability Zones contain edge locations.

b. Each AWS Availability Zone contains multiple Regions.

c. Each AWS Region consists of multiple, isolated, and physically separate AZs within a geographic area.

d. Edge locations contain Regions.

Answer 26

c. Each AWS Region consists of multiple, isolated, and physically separate AZs within a geographic area.

AWS has the concept of a Region, which is a physical location around the world where we cluster data centers. We call each group of logical data centers an Availability Zone. Each AWS Region consists of multiple, isolated, and physically separate AZs within a geographic area. Unlike other cloud providers, that often define a region as a single data center, the multiple-AZ design of every AWS Region offers advantages for customers. Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security and is connected via redundant, ultra-low-latency networks. AWS customers focused on high availability can design their applications to run in multiple AZs to achieve even greater fault tolerance. AWS infrastructure Regions meet the highest levels of security, compliance, and data protection.

IS NOT A—
Availability Zones contain edge locations.

Availability Zones are a set of data centers that host all your needs. Edge locations are small data centers that host web (static and dynamic) contents.

Question 27

When you access your personal email through a web browser using an application like Gmail, which cloud computing model are you using?

choose 1

a. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

b. Software as a Service (SaaS)

c. Function as a Service (FaaS)

d. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Answer 27

b. Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS allows you to use a complete application on demand. When you access your personal email through a web browser, you’re using SaaS.

IS NOT D—
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PaaS is often used by developers to develop software using web-based tools.

Question 28

A person new to the cloud is learning about the services that offer compute power. Which AWS services offer computing resources in the cloud?

choose 3

a. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

b. AWS Elastic Beanstalk

c. Amazon Cognito

d. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

e. AWS Lambda

Answer 28

a. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

EC2 allows you to rent and manage virtual servers in the cloud.

b. AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Elastic Beanstalk allows you to deploy your web applications and web services to AWS. Although we covered Elastic Beanstalk in the “Deployment and Infrastructure Management Services” lesson, it is a compute service.

e. AWS Lambda

Lambda is a serverless compute service that lets you run code without managing servers.

Question 29

developer has developed a 3-tier web application that will be deployed directly on Amazon EC2. The developer is considering deploying the application to more than one Availability Zone. What advantages does this deployment approach offer?

Choose 3
a. Higher performance and higher latency since Availability Zones are spread out

b. Improves the availability of the application

c. Enhances resiliency, allowing the application to recover from failure due to load

d. Increase in responsiveness when load balancing is used

e. Reduced operational costs because you’re spreading data transfer costs between Availability Zones

Answer 29

b. Improves the availability of the application

If 1 Availability Zone is completely destroyed, you will still have a completely functional web application running in a different Availability Zone.

c. Enhances resiliency, allowing the application to recover from failure due to load

Resilient/fault-tolerant systems recover quickly and minimize application downtime. If 1 instance fails, another instance in a different Availability Zone can handle the request.

d. Increase in responsiveness when load balancing is used

If 1 Availability Zone is constrained, the instances in another Availability Zone can handle the traffic.

Question 30

Which of the following is a shared control of the AWS shared responsibility model?

choose 1

a. Hardware maintanence

b. Patch management

c. Firmware upgrades

d. Security group configuration

Answer 30

b. Patch management

Shared controls are elements of the shared responsibility model where both AWS and the customer have shared responsibilities within their own contexts. Patch management is a shared control, since AWS is responsible for patching and fixing flaws within the infrastructure, including managed services like RDS, but customers are responsible for patching their guest OS and applications.

Question 31

When you pay a subscription fee to a hosting company to serve your website on an instance you manage, which cloud computing model are you using?

choose 1

a. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

b. Software as a Service (SaaS)

c. Function as a Service (FaaS)

d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 31

d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IaaS offers building blocks that can be rented. When you pay a web hosting fee, you’re using IaaS.

Question 32

If you have a new application and you are not sure about future demand, which of the below characteristics of cloud make cloud an ideal place to host it?

choose 3

a. Pay as you go

b. Performance efficiency

c. No single point of failure

d. High availability

e. No upfront payment

f. Scalability

Answer 32

a. Pay as you go

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

e. No upfront payment

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

f. Scalability

No upfront payment and pay as you go mean that you do not need an initial outlay of capital for resources to build in cloud. Rather, you only need to pay for what you use going forward. These combined with the ability to consume more resources when needed (scalability) mean that cloud is a great way to host applications that have dynamic requirements.

Question 33

A telecommunications company has hired you as a consultant to develop a business case for moving its IT applications and infrastructure to AWS. The company’s leadership understands the agility value of the cloud, but the finance group is not interested in shifting capital expense to operating expense due to the company’s tax structure. What will you include in the business case to attempt to satisfy everyone at the company?

choose 1

a. Suggest that the company make Reserved Instance purchases and capitalize them.

b. Show the company the TCO value of moving to an operating expense model.

c. Suggest that the company wait to migrate to AWS until the current infrastructure is fully depreciated.

d. Show the value of an elastic infrastructure for avoiding wasted capacity.

Answer 33

a. Suggest that the company make Reserved Instance purchases and capitalize them.

Many companies capitalize Reserved Instance purchases, especially those with 3-year terms.

IS NOT B—
Show the company the TCO value of moving to an operating expense model.

Moving the company to an operating expense model will prove too large a task and will most likely result in a rejected business case.

Question 34

Which benefit of cloud computing allows you to avoid planning ahead of time for how much capacity you need?

choose 1

a. Durability

b. Elasticity

c. High availability

d. Agility

Answer 34

b. Elasticity

With elasticity, you do not have to plan ahead of time how much capacity you need. You can provision only what you need, and then grow and shrink based on demand.

IS NOT D—
Agility

The cloud gives you increased agility. All the services you have access to help you innovate faster, giving you speed to market.

Question 35

Which of the following does Amazon ensure will happen when paying for AWS on an as-needed basis?

choose 3

a. Spending less money in the long term

b. Redirecting focus to innovation and invention

c. Enabling the full elasticity of business operations

d. Spending more money in the long term

e. Reducing procurement complexity

Answer 35

b. Redirecting focus to innovation and invention

Amazon provides certain benefits when you pay for services on an as-needed basis for your business, so you can spend more time innovating and inventing.

c. Enabling the full elasticity of business operations

Amazon provides certain benefits when you pay for services on an as-needed basis for your business. You can spend more time innovating and inventing, which consequently enables your business to be fully elastic.

e. Reducing procurement complexity

Amazon provides certain benefits when you pay for services on an as-needed basis for your business. You can spend more time innovating and inventing, which consequently reduces the complexity of procurement.

Question 36

An organization is considering migrating internal applications to the AWS Cloud. The organization will follow the pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework. Which items are pillars of the AWS Well-Architected Framework?

choose 2

a. Ease of Use

b. Scalability

c. Elasticity

d. Operational Excellence

e. Reliability

Answer 36

d. Operational Excellence

The Operational Excellence pillar includes the ability to support development and run workloads effectively, gain insight into their operations, and to continuously improve supporting processes and procedures to deliver business value.

e. Reliability

The Reliability pillar encompasses the ability of a workload to perform its intended function correctly and consistently when it’s expected to. This includes the ability to operate and test the workload through its total lifecycle.