CLOUD AND POUR POINT TEST

Question 1

refers to the temperature below

whichwaxin diesel or biowax inbiodieselsforms a cloudy appearance.

Answer 1

cloud point

Question 2

cloud point is synonymous withwax appearance

temperature(WAT) andwax precipitation temperature(WPT).

Answer 2

In crude or heavy

Question 3

thetemperaturebelow which the liquid loses its flow
characteristics. Incrude oila high pour point is generally associated with a
highparaffincontent, typically found in crude deriving from a larger proportion of plant
material. That type of crude oil is mainly derived from akerogenType III.

Answer 3

Thepour pointof aliquid

Question 4

is used to give the required cold
bath to liquid to take them to the
required stage.
 it utilizes the current and with the
help of conditioners and couples
present in them they cool the fluids
up.
 they hold four test positions.
 they have the ability to supply the
temperature range from 9°c to -
69°c.
 the equipment identifies the
minimum safe operating temperature.
 the bath accommodates four jackets and steel cover and a drain

Answer 4

the seta cloud and pour point bath

Question 5

prefer to use compare the meter reading on equipment by removing the test jar
out.

Answer 5

digital thermometer

Question 6

The test oil is required to be transparent in layers 40mm in thickness (in accordance
withASTMD2500). The wax crystals typically first form at the lower circumferential wall
with the appearance of a whitish or milky cloud. The cloud point is the temperature just
above where these crystals first appear.

Answer 6

CLOUD POINT Manual method

Question 7

ASTM D5773, Standard Test Method of Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant
Cooling Rate Method) is an alternative to the manual test procedure. It uses automatic
apparatus and has been found to be equivalent to test method D2500.

Answer 7

CLOUD POINT Automatic method

Question 8

ASTM D97, Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Crude Oils. The specimen is cooled
inside a cooling bath to allow the formation ofparaffin waxcrystals. At about 9°C above
the expected pour point, and for every subsequent 3°C, the test jar is removed and
tilted to check for surface movement. When the specimen does not flow when tilted, the
jar is held horizontally for 5 sec. If it does not flow, 3°C is added to the corresponding
temperature and the result is the pour point temperature.

Answer 8

POUR POINT Manual method

Question 9

ASTM D5949, Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic
Pressure Pulsing Method) is an alternative to the manual test procedure. It uses
automatic apparatus and yields pour point results in a format similar to the manual
method (ASTM D97) when reporting at a 3°C.

Answer 9

POUR POINT Automatic method

Question 10

can be derived which can give an approximate temperature window
depending on its thermal history. Within this temperature range, the sample may appear
liquid or solid. This peculiarity happens because wax crystals form less readily when it
has been heated within the past 24 hrs and contributes to the lower pour point.

Answer 10

Two pour points

Question 11

is measured by pouring the test sample directly into a test jar. The
sample is then cooled and inspected for pour point as per the usual pour point method.
The method usually gives higher pour point because the thermal history has not been
cancelled by a prolonged thermal treatment.

Answer 11

The upper pour

Question 12

is measured by first pouring the sample into a stainless
steelpressure vessel. The vessel is then screwed tight and heated to above 102°C in
an oil bath. After a specified time, the vessel is removed and cooled for a short while.
The sample is then poured into a test jar and immediately closed with a cork carrying
thethermometer. The sample is then cooled and then inspected for pour point as per
the usual pour point method.

Answer 12

The lower pour point