Cloud

Question 1

What is the difference between Regions and Availability Zones in AWS?

Answer 1

Regions are geographical areas and availability zones are close proximity data centres within those regions.

Question 2

What is an Edge Location?

Answer 2

AWS Edge locations are places where data is cached to reduce the latency to the end users.

Question 3

What is Route 53?

Answer 3

Route 53 is AWS DNS Service

Question 4

What is AWS Direct Connect?

Answer 4

Direct Connect is a means to connect physical data centres to AWS using dedicated lines.

Question 5

How does IAM provide access?

Answer 5

IAM uses Groups to which people can be assigned to give access to resources

Question 6

How are IAM groups defined?

Answer 6

IAM groups are defined using policies which are created using JSON notation

Question 7

What is CloudFront?

Answer 7

CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency and high transfer speeds using Edge Locations.

Question 8

What is Lambda?

Answer 8

Lambda is an event-driven compute service. Lambda runs code in response to events

Question 9

What are the 4 types of EC2 instance?

Answer 9

On Demand, Reserved, Spot and Dedicated Hosts are the 4 types of EC2 instance

Question 10

What is the difference between CloudWatch and CloudTrail?

Answer 10

CloudWatch is about performance where CloudTrail is about auditing.

Question 11

What is CloudWatch?

Answer 11

CloudWatch monitors your AWS resources and the applications that run on it.

Question 12

What is CloudTrail?

Answer 12

CloudTrail allows you to view user and resource activity by recording console actions and API calls.

Question 13

What is DynamoDB?

Answer 13

An AWS NoSQL db

Question 14

What is API Gateway?

Answer 14

An API gateway is an API management tool that sits between a client and a collection of backend services. An API gateway acts as a reverse proxy to accept all application programming interface (API) calls, aggregate the various services required to fulfil them, and return the appropriate result.

Question 15

What is Transit Gateway?

Answer 15

AWS Transit Gateway connects VPCs and on-premises networks through a central hub. This simplifies your network and puts an end to complex peering relationships. It acts as a cloud router – each new connection is only made once.

Question 16

What is GuardDuty?

Answer 16

Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service that continuously monitors for malicious activity and unauthorised behaviour to protect your AWS accounts and workloads.

Question 17

What is an Internet Gateway?

Answer 17

An Internet gateway is a horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly available VPC component that allows communication between instances in a VPC and the Internet

Question 18

What would you use to get automatic notifications if your account spending goes over a certain amount?

Answer 18

A Billing Alarm will notify you if your account spending goes over a certain amount.

Question 19

Within IAM in what are users stored and what is used to set permissions?

Answer 19

Groups are used to store users and the users assume the permissions of that group. Group access is determined by JSON notation policies.

Question 20

What is a credential report?

Answer 20

A credential report is used as a download of all users in your account.

It gives details such as the last use of passwords, when they need changing, whether it has an access key on the account, whether MFA has been enabled etc.

Question 21

What are the downsides to file-based storage systems?

Answer 21

File-based storage systems must scale out by adding more systems, rather than scale up by adding more capacity.

Question 22

What are the downsides to Block Storage?

Answer 22

Block storage can be expensive. It has limited capability to handle metadata, which means it needs to be dealt with in the application or database level—adding another thing for a developer or systems administrator to worry about.

Question 23

What are the downsides to object-based storage?

Answer 23

Objects can’t be modified—you have to write the object completely at once.

Object storage also doesn’t work well with traditional databases, because writing objects is a slow process and writing an app to use an object storage API isn’t as simple as using file storage.

Question 24

How does the storage of block and object based data differ?

Answer 24

Block-based storage breaks down files into data blocks that can then be saved across multiple systems, object-based storage saves discrete objects as self-contained units in a flat-file system called a bucket.