Clostridia Flashcards
Define clostridial?
Spore forming, gram positive bacilli,
What are exotoxins types produce by costridia?
1- histotoxic group → clostridium perfringens
2- neurotoxic group→ C.tetarni and C. Botulinum.
Which type of clostridia produce enterotoxins?
C. Difficle
What is other name of C. difficle?
Pseudomembranous Colitis
They are Gram +, spore forming, anaerobic bacillus
Which disease is commonly caused by C. difficle?
Nosocomial diarrhea
Which antibiotics are causes diarrhea, During treatment of C. difficle?
1 - cephalosporins 2- erythromycin 3-penicillins 4- quinolone 5 -Tetracycline
When does C. Difficult effect colons?
1- disruption of normal colonic flora
2- colonization by C. difficle
3- production of toxin A+B
Which type of Bacteria’s grow slowly on culture media?
Which Bacteria grow actively on culture media?
1-T.B 2-clostridium Slow growth 👆🏻 -E. Coli Active growth👆🏻
True or false?
Clostridium don’t produce hemolysis on Blood agar..
.clostridium ferment CHO into buteric acid, acetic and alcohol.
1- false
2 true
What are most important, media’s for anaerobic bacteria?
Robert son’s medium(contain amino acids)
Nutrient agar
Blood agar
Lactose egg yolk milk agar
Mac agar
Cooked meat broth/medium Robert son’s cooked meat)
Thioglycolate
What are clostridium species
C. perfringens _ gas gangrene; food poisoning
C. tetani _ tetanus
C. botulinum _ botulism
C. difficile _ pseudomembranous colitis
Where do c.tetani mostly found in environment?
soil
Enumerate different shapes of C.tetani?
1- Rod shap
2- spores, C. tetani becomes substantially enlarged at one end, resembling a tennis racket
Which stage of C.tetani affect the wound?
Spores
The C. tetani. Which found in wound they produce which toxins?
potent toxin, tetanospasmin
Tetanospasmin a toxin produced by C.tetani How this affect human?
interferes with motor neurons, causing tetanus.
What are characteristics of tetani?
rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium
motile by way of various flagella
cannot grow in the presence of oxygen.
In deep wound, How do tetani generate?
limited exposure to surface air can result in a very low-oxygen environment, allowing C. tetani spores to germinate and grow.As C. tetani grows at the wound site, it releases the toxins tetanolysin and tetanospasmin.
Tetanospasmin to in produced by which Bacteria?
What is it’s lethal dose?
How do they spread (toxins)?
Clorstidum tetani
lethal dose less than 2.5 nanograms per kilogram of body weight,
Tetanospasmin spreads via the lymphatic system and bloodstream throughout the body, where it is taken up into various parts of the nervous system.
What is action Mechanism of tetanospasmin for blocking the nervous system?
tetanospasmin acts by blocking the release of the inhibitory neurotransmitters glycine and gammaaminobutyric acid at motor nerve endings.This blockade leads to the widespread activation of motor neurons and spasming of muscles throughout the body.
What is most important sigmptone of tetani?
lockjaw or fit of jaw; followed by spasms of the abdominal muscles and the limbs. Muscle spasms •
