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Anatomy Final Review > Clinical view Boxes of Unit 2 > Flashcards

Clinical view Boxes of Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteitis deformans

A

Characterized by excessive bone resorption, excessive osteoclast activity followed by excessive bone deposition, excessive osteoblast activity.

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2
Q

Achondroplastic dwarfism

A

Characterized by an abnormal conversion of hyaline cartilage to bone. Failure of chondrocytes

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3
Q

Bone Scans

A

Tests that can detect bone pathologies sooner than X-rays, while exposing the patient to only a fraction of the radiation.

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4
Q

Cleft lip and Cleft palate

A

Incomplete fusion of the upper jaw components of the developing embryo.

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5
Q

Herniated Discs

A

Produces a “bulging” of the intervertebral discs pinching the nerves of the spinal cord

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6
Q

Sternal Foramen

A

Sometimes, mistakenly identified as a bullet wound in the sternum, has caused deaths in acupuncture.

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7
Q

Variations in Rib Development

A

Bifid ribs (Split), Extra pair, missing pair, cervical ribs (these may compress axillary artery and need to be removed)

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8
Q

Fracture of the Clavicle

A

Fractures easily because of S Shape, posterior fractures can be more serious because splinters can puncture the subclavian artery and vein.

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9
Q

Colles Fracture

A

Fracture on the wrist

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10
Q

Scaphoid Fracture

A

One of the most commonly fractured carpal bones takes a long time to heal, caused by falling on an outstretched hand. Can cause avascular necrosis of the wrist because its blood supply can get cut off

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11
Q

Pott Fracture

A

Fracture of the distal tibia and often the fibula, involving the malleoli specifically.

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12
Q

Pathologies of the Foot

A

A bunion, Pes planus, Pes cavus, Tallpes equinovarus

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13
Q

Limb Malformalities

A

Polydactyly, Ectrodactyly, Syndactyly, Amelia, Phocomelia

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14
Q

What does TMJ stands for what?

A

Temporomandibular Joint

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15
Q

What habit can cause TMJ disorders?

A

Chewing Gum

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16
Q

What type of joints does cracking your knuckles affect?

A

Synovial Joints

17
Q

Does “Cracking Knuckles” cause arthritis?

A

No

18
Q

Subluxation refers to what?

A

An incomplete dislocation of a joint.

19
Q

What type of dislocation is known as a nursemaid’s elbow?

A

Subluxation of the head of the radius

20
Q

The posterior and anterior drawer tests are used to check for tears in which ligament in the leg?

A

Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL & PCL)

21
Q

A triple injury of the anterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus, and tibial collateral ligament are referred to as what?

A

An Unhappy Triad

22
Q

Arthritis is a degenerative breakdown of what?

A

Joints

23
Q

In arthritis the whole bone is affected but which type of cartilage is effected the most?

A

Articular Cartilage

24
Q

An over-inversion of the foot can lead to what?

A

Ankle Sprain

25
Q

What fracture may occur as a result of an overeversion sprain?

A

Pott Fracture

26
Q

Which disease blocks Acetalcholine because of toxin from canned foods that weren’t cooked enough?

A

Botulism

27
Q

Blocks an inhibitory neurotransmitter called glycine and an immune never fully develops and is most likely found around wounds.

A

Tetanus

28
Q

At what time interval does full rigor mortis occur?

A

8-24 hours after death body will stiff. Helps provide time of death.

29
Q

Muscular dystrophy is where skeletal muscle degenerates and is replaced by what two things?

A

Adipose tissue and fibrous connective tissue.

30
Q

Strabismus refers to the misalignment of what?

A

Eyes, Crossed eyes

31
Q

Congenital muscular torticollis is also called what

A

Wryneck

32
Q

Congenital muscular torticollis is also called is treated how?

A

Botox

33
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease that occurs exclusively in which gender?

A

Males

34
Q

Congenital muscular torticollis is a failure of which muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

35
Q

Which muscle is commonly paralyzed by polio?

A

The diaphram, treated by the iron lung.

36
Q

Which bone do shin splints affect?

A

Tibia

37
Q

Which toxin results in excessive muscle in contraction

A

Tetanus

38
Q

Which type of joints does arthritis attack?

A

Synovial Joints

39
Q

Thalidomide cause malformation in which part of the body?

A

Limb malformations

Anatomy Final Review (8 decks)

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