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Glossary > Clinical Terms Used Within Nhs Pathways System > Flashcards

Clinical Terms Used Within Nhs Pathways System Flashcards

1
Q

Abdomen

A

The area between the bottom rib cage down to the groin

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2
Q

Abortion

A

Termination of pregnancy

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3
Q

Abscess

A

Collection of pus from an infection

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4
Q

Adrenal insufficiency

A

Failure of the adrenal glands (also called addison’s disease )

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5
Q

Amputation

A

Severing of a body part

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6
Q

Anus

A

A persons back passage

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7
Q

Anxiety

A

Persistent and excessive worrying about any aspects of daily life

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8
Q

Allergen

A

Something which triggers allergy

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9
Q

Analgesia

A

Pain relief

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10
Q

Aneurysm

A

Localised widening of the aorta

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11
Q

Aorta

A

The main artery from the heart

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12
Q

Assault

A

Injury with intent to do harm

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13
Q

Aura

A

A distinctive feeling or warning sign that a seizure is on its way

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14
Q

Back

A

The area between the base of the neck and the bottom Of the spine including the buttocks

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15
Q

Bi-polar disorder

A

Also known has manic depression. The sufferer experiences severe mood swings. From high active (manic) episodes and low very depressed periods

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16
Q

Blunt injury

A

One that does not involve a break in the skin or other body surface

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17
Q

Blurred vision

A

When things have a fuzzy appearance

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18
Q

Breathlessness

A

The feeling of having to work harder than normal to get air in and out of lungs. It is like the feeling people get after running

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19
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment with drugs to combat disease , usually cancer

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20
Q

Chest

A

The area between the collar bones and the bottom of the rib cage

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21
Q

Chronic

A

A condition that persists over a long period of time. The symptoms often appear gradually, get worse despite treatment and change very slowly. Normally there is no change in symptoms from day to day

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22
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Scarring of the liver

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23
Q

Confusion

A

A confused individual may not know who or where they are and may lose track of the date and time. They may not recognise friends and family and may behave oddly

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24
Q

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

A condition where the airways become inflamed and the air sacs in your lungs are damaged. This causes your airways to become narrower, which makes it harder to breathe in and out. Therefore, people with COPD have breathing difficulties, and this can affect many aspects of their day to day life

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25
Q

De-gloving injury

A

Where the skin over a finger or toes have been pulled right off. Exposing underlying tissue.

It is like the finger of a glove being pulled off

This does not mean a graze, when just the surface of the skin is scraped off

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26
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

A

A blood clot in the veins deep inside the arm or leg

Sometimes called DVT

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27
Q

Dementia

A

Dementia is a progressive and largely irreversible condition that involves widespread damage to the mental functioning.

Someone with dementia may experience memory loss
Language impairment 
Disorientation 
Change in personality 
Difficulties with daily living 
Self neglect 
Behaviour which is out of character
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28
Q

Dental practitioner

A

Dentist

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29
Q

Depression

A

A change in a persons mood which affect motivation, energy, enjoyment in things , can disturb sleep and may often be linked to increased levels of anxiety

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30
Q

Diagnosis

A

When a person has been told by a GP or hospital specialist that they are suffering from a particular condition

This does not mean the individual suspects that they have a particular condition

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31
Q

Diarrhoea

A

When an individual passes frequent, loose or watery stools

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32
Q

Difficulty speaking

A

New slurring , jumbling or mispronouncing words

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33
Q

Dislocated

A

Out of joint

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34
Q

Double vision

A

Seeing two things at once

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35
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Pregnancy outside the womb

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36
Q

Faint

A

Fainting means passing out for a short period of time. It never lasts longer than 1 or 2 minutes

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37
Q

Foetus

A

Unborn baby

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38
Q

Fever

A

Body temperature that is higher than usual.

In general, in both adults and children this is taken to be a temperature of 38 degrees (100.4 F) or over

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39
Q

Fit

A

Involves jerking or shaking of part or all of the body.
The person is unaware of their surroundings and usually falls to the floor
Fits also may be described as seizures or convulsions

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40
Q

Flank

A

The fleshy part of the back between the bottom of the rib cage and the top of the hips on either side

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41
Q

Floaters

A

Seeing floating shapes, flashes or zigzags or light

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42
Q

Fracture

A

Broken bone

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43
Q

Fractured neck of femur

A

It occurs when the top of the femur (leg bone) is broken, just below the ball and socket joint

In this injury the ball on the top of the femur has broken where it meets the upper thigh bone, within the hip joint

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44
Q

Gasping for breath

A

Someone who is so breathless they are unable to speak in complete sentences

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45
Q

Gastro-enteritis

A

Infection causing diarrhoea and vomiting

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46
Q

General anaesthetic

A

Used to put an individual to sleep for an operation for an examination

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47
Q

Glaucoma

A

A build up of pressure in the the eye

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48
Q

Haemorrhoids

A

These are blood vessels which protrude from the back passage

Sometimes called piles

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49
Q

Haemophilia

A

A condition where the blood does not clot properly

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50
Q

Heparin

A

A medicine used to thin blood

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51
Q

Hernia

A

A weakness or rupture in the muscle wall which allows other structures of the body to poke through

52
Q

Hyperglycaemia

A

High blood sugar

53
Q

Hypoglycaemia

A

Low blood sugar

54
Q

Hypothermia

A

When a persons body becomes extremely cold

Eg

Following exposure to cold air or cold water for a long time. It is not about cold hands or feet in winter weather

55
Q

Ingest

A

Swallow

56
Q

Inhale

A

Breathe in

57
Q

Insomnia

A

Difficulty sleeping

58
Q

Intra-uterine

A

A contraceptive device worn inside the womb. It is also called contraceptive device

A coil
IUD or IUCD

59
Q

Iris

A

Coloured part of the eye

60
Q

Impaled

A

When individual is caught on an object

Eg

A fence railing which penetrated a body part

61
Q

Jaundice

A

A symptom which has many causes where the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow

62
Q

Meconium

A

The first few green motions passed by a new born baby

63
Q

Meninges

A

Three membranous layers that surround the structures of the central nervous system

64
Q

Nausea

A

The feeling of wanting to be sick

65
Q

Nosebleed

A

Bleeding from one or both nostrils

66
Q

Obsessive- compulsive disorder

A

This is when someone has excessive and unwelcome thinking about something and/or repetitive action, for example, locking and relocking a door on leaving a building

67
Q

Oesophagus

A

Gullet or food pipe

68
Q

Palpitations

A

The sensations of the heart beating irregularly or more rapidly or forcefully than it should.
It could also mean beating slowly or different from
Normal

69
Q

Penetrating injury

A

One that involves a break in the skin or other body surface

70
Q

Phlegm

A

Sputum or mucus that may be coughed up

71
Q

Phobia

A

When a fear becomes exaggerated and causes the sufferer to adjust their life or activities to avoid it

72
Q

Photophobia

A

Being unable to

Tolerate bright lights

73
Q

Placenta

A

After birth

74
Q

Post-traumatic stress

A

Occurs when someone is exposed to a catastrophic or near catastrophic event which causes them to have flashbacks or nightmares. They also may experience depression
Panic disorder or extreme anxiety as a result of the event

75
Q

Pre-eclampsia

A

A very serious but rare condition affecting expectant mothers
If it is not treated it can lead to fits
Features include raised blood pressure
Protein in the urine
Fluid accumulation

76
Q

Psychosis

A

Describes a loss of touch with reality, which may include hearing voices , seeing something that no one else sees, holding unusual personally derived beliefs , experiencing changes in perception or assigning personal meanings to everybody

77
Q

Puerperal psychosis

A

A severe and rare mental health disorder affecting mothers.
The mother often starts to behave strangely , seeming puzzled and perplexed, sleeping poorly and being restless and erratic in the day.
She may have paranoid delusions that often centre around the child for example a belief that the child is the devil or that the world is too evil for the child to live in

78
Q

Pulmonary embolus

A

A blood clot in the lung

79
Q

Pus

A

Thick green or yellow discharge

80
Q

Quinsy

A

An abscess on one of the tonsils

This can make it very difficult to open the mouth and the individual feels very unwell

81
Q

Radiotherapy

A

Treatment with x rays to combat a disease usually cancer

82
Q

Rare

A

An uncommon or unusual symptom , illness or disease where there are few examples

83
Q

Rectal

A

The area below just inside the back passage

84
Q

Rectal prolapse

A

Where the lower part of the bowel drops down out the back passage

85
Q

Rectocele

A

Where a weakness in the muscle of the vagina can cause the lower bowel to bulge into the vagina

86
Q

Rigors

A

The violent shivering that can occur with high fevers.
The shivering is so severe that it may be enough to make the bed shake
It is not a occasional shiver or feeling cold

87
Q

Schizoaffective disorder

A

The diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder is given to someone who experiences both symptoms of a mood disorder ie depression and symptoms of the type of experienced with schizophrenia at the same
Time or within days of each other

88
Q

Seizure

A

Electrical impulses in the brain are disrupted , causing symptoms from a trance like state ( for a few seconds or minutes) to loss of consciousness and convulsions (uncontrollable shaking of the body)

89
Q

Sepsis

A

Blood poisoning

90
Q

Septum

A

The part of the nose that separates the nostrils

91
Q

Severe illness

A

Illness that prevents an individual from
Thinking about or doing something else . Severe illness would stop someone being able to do all of their normal activities

92
Q

Severe pain

A

Pain that is bad enough to stop the individual from doing everyday things or from
Thinking about anything else

93
Q

Self-harm

A

When someone deliberately tries to harm Themselves

94
Q

Shock

A

The failure of the cardiovascular system to keep enough blood circulating to vital organs
The skin will feel cold and clammy to touch
The person will feel very week and unable to stand up

95
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

An inherited illness which results in abnormally shaped red blood cells

96
Q

Solvents

A

Substances such as glues , thinners and lighter fluid which are sometimes sniffed by people

97
Q

Side effect

A

An unwanted effect from a drug, treatment illness , interaction or therapy in addition to the desired effects of the use of the drug

98
Q

Sinusitis

A

Infection of the sinuses

99
Q

Soft pAlate

A

The soft fleshy area of the roof of the mouth

100
Q

Splenectomy

A

An operation where the spleen has been removed after an injury

101
Q

Squint

A

When an eye turns inwards or outwards also known as a lazy eye

102
Q

Staggering

A

Unsteadiness or difficulty with balance

103
Q

Strangulation

A

When something has constricted or squeezed an individuals neck or throat

104
Q

Suffocation

A

When something has covered the nose and mouth or compressed the chest, preventing breathing

105
Q

Suicide

A

When a person takes their own life

106
Q

Sutures

A

Stitches used to close a wound

107
Q

Tarry motions

A

Tarry means motions that are black, sticky and look like tar
This does not mean solid motions that are dark in colour

108
Q

Tender

A

Sore when touched

109
Q

Thrombosis

A

Blood clot

110
Q

Tonsillectomy

A

An operation to remove the tonsils

111
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe or airway

112
Q

Transplant

A

An operation to transfer an organ or bone marrow from

One individual to another

113
Q

Trauma

A

Injury

114
Q

Umbilicus

A

Belly button

115
Q

Unconscious

A

This is when an individual cannot be roused or woken for more than 3 min
This is not like a simple faint which will have lasted for less than 3 min

116
Q

Upper abdomen

A

The area between the bottom of the ribs and the umbilicus

117
Q

Urethra

A

Tube through which urine leaves the body

118
Q

Urinary catheter

A

A tube which is inserted into the bladder to drain urine

119
Q

Urticaria

A

An itchy rash that looks like a nettle rash which is common in allergic reactions as well as a wide variety of other skin conditions

120
Q

Uterus

A

Womb

121
Q

Vertigo

A

A sensation of spinning or whirling. It is often accompanied by vomiting
It usually made worse by movement, especially moving the head
This does not mean light headedness or any other type of dizziness

122
Q

Vascular disease

A

Problems with blood circulation

123
Q

Warfarin

A

A medicine used to

Thin blood

124
Q

Warts

A

Small , rough bumps on the skin. They sometimes look a bit like tiny cauliflower

125
Q

Wheezing

A

A whistling or musical sound that comes from inside the individuals chest when they breathe

Glossary (2 decks)

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