Clinical Skills Flashcards
1
Q
Pros of Shared decision making
A
- Consultations feel more satisfying
- Patients more engaged
- Engagement leads to better outcomes
- Seems time consuming but in long-term creates less workload
2
Q
List relevant Past Medical History for Respiratory Clinical Examinations
A
- Eczema/hayfever
- Childhood asthma
- Whooping cough, measles
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- Connective tissue disorders
- Previous malignancy
- Cancer, recent travel, surgery, pregnancy, recent period of immobility
- Loss of Consciousness/seizure/dysphagia
- Neuromuscular disorders
3
Q
List relevant Drugs and Allergy History in the Respiratory Clinical Examination
A
- Inhalers, Nebulisers, Home oxygen therapy
- Allergies
- ACE-Inhibitors e.g. lisinopril - Dry Cough
- Beta-blockers e.g. metoprolol (bronchoconstriction + wheeze)
- Chemotherapeutic agents (methotrexate), nitrofurantoin, amiodarone (anti-arrhythmic drug) can cause pulmonary fibrosis
- Oestrogen-containing drugs - RF for venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism)
4
Q
What are the Red Flags?
A
- Weight loss/appetite change
- Blood. Haemoptysis, bowels, urine
- Lumps/bumps
- Nausea/vomiting
- Mood
5
Q
What is Pancoast’s tumour?
A
An apical lung cancer that can compress the brachial plexus, causing nerve damage and thus muscle wasting
6
Q
What does clubbing indicate in the respiratory context
A
- Lung and pleural cancers
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Cystic fibrosis
- Tuberculosis
- Bronchiectasis
7
Q
What is Endocarditis
A
- Inflammation of the endocardium
- often as a result of bacterial infection
- Most commonly streptococcal / staphylococcal infections
- Infective endocarditis - Infection of inner lining of heart (endocardium) and is commonly caused by bacteria entering blood and travelling to heart
8
Q
What are symptoms associated with heart failure?
A
- Orthopnoea
- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
- Ankle oedema
- Palpitations
- Reduced exercise tolerance
