Clinical Scoring Systems Flashcards
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale and how is it calculated?
It is used to objectively describe the extent of impaired consciousness in patients
Three parts:
Best Eye Response -
1- No eye opening
2- Eyes open in response to pain
3- Eyes open in response to verbal stimuli
4- Eyes open spontaneously
Best Verbal Response -
1- No verbal response
2- Incomprehensible sounds
3- Inappropriate words
4- Confused
5- Orientated
Best Motor Response
1- No motor response
2- Abnormal extension to pain
3- Abnormal flexion to pain
4- Withdrawal from pain
5- Localising pain
6- Obeys commands (lift your arm up)
What is the CURB-65 Score and how do you calculate it?
Used to determine the management of pneumonia based on severity
Confused
Urea >7 mmol/L
Resp Rate >30
Blood Pressure - SBP <90 mmHg or DBP<60 mmHg
Over 65
0-1 = manage as outpatient
2 = short hospitalization or ambulatory management and strict follow up
3-5 = hospital admission, 4/5 could be ICU
What is the Centor score used for and how is it calculated?
Likelihood of a sore throat being caused by streptococcal bacteria and need for antibiotics, maximum 4 points
1- Tonsillar exudate
1- Tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy or lymphadenitis
1-History of fever (over 38 degrees Celsius)
1-Absence of cough
What is the CHA2DS2-VASc score and how is it calculated?
Likelihood of having a stroke with Atrial Fibrillation
Congestive Heart Disease +1
Hypertension +1
Age 75 or older +2
Diabetes Mellitus
Stroke, TIA or VTE +2
Vascular disease +1
Age 65-75 +1
Sex ( female ) +1
What is the BTS classification used for and what is it?
Used for working out asthma exacerbation severity
Mild = PEFR >75%
Moderate =
PEFR 50-75%
No features of severe exacerbation
Severe =
PEFR 33-50%
RR>25
HR>110bpm
Inability to complete sentences in one breath
Life-threatening = any of these
PEFR <33%
SpO2 <92%
PaO2 <8kPa
Normal PaCO2
Altered consciousness level
Silent chest
Poor respiratory effort
Exhaustion
Arrhythmia
Hypotension
Cyanosis
Near-fatal =
Raised PaCO2
What is the MRC dyspnea scale?
1- breathless with strenuous exercise
2- breathless walking uphill
3- slower waling than people their age on level surface due to breathlessness, stops after 15 mins
4- stops for breath after 100m
5-too breathless to get dressed or leave the house
What is the CKD Classification?
Stage 1 - eGFR 90 or higher
Stage 2 - eGFR 60-89
Stage 3a - eGFR 45-59
Stage 3b - eGFR 30-44
Stage 4 - eGFR 15-29
Stage 5 - eGFR less than 15
What is the MRC muscle power grading?
0 - no contraction
1- flicker of contraction
2 - active movement with gravity eliminated
3 - active movement against gravity
4 - active movement against gravity and resistance
5 - normal power
What is the ASA Grading system?
A assessment to determine a patient’s fitness to be given anaesthesia before surgery?
ASA 1 - normal patient
ASA 2 - mild systemic disease
ASA 3 - severe systemic disease that is not a constant threat to life
ASA 4 - severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
ASA 5 - moribund patient not expected to survive with or without surgery
What is a Well’s Score?
Risk of developing a DVT
What is a HAS-BLED score?
Determines the 1 year risk of bleeding in a patient with Atrial FIbrillation on anticoagulation
What is the Rockall Score?
It’s a mortality risk assessment of patients with an upper GI bleed
What is a POSSUM score?
Estimates morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing a general surgery
What is a NELA Score?
An estimate of the risk of death within 30 days of emergency abdominal surgery
What is a Ranson score?
Estimates mortality of patients with pancreatitis
