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Equine > Clinical Procedures > Flashcards

Clinical Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

How do twitches work to aid in restraint

A

causes a distraction and releases endorphines

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2
Q

What are 3 natural twitches

A

lip, skin, and ear

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3
Q

How does elevating one of the legs on a horse work for restraint? and when would you use it?

A

discourages horse to move, when applying bandages, radiographs, or hair clipping

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4
Q

How do you restrain a foal?

A

restrain the mare first and lead the mare so foal will follow. If you approach foal, do it from the side, and contact should be quick and purposful. Allow mare to see foal

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5
Q

3 blind spots of a horse

A

behind them, infront of nose, and between eyes

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6
Q

What are 3 venous blood samplings for horses

A

cephalic: used in foals when jug can’t be used
facial: used for smaller amounts
jugular: big vein and easy to collect big amounts

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7
Q

which side do you do for a jug and why?

A

Left bc less likely to hit corotid

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8
Q

common urin collection methods

A

mid-stream or urinary catheter

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9
Q

what are normal characteristics of equine urine?

A

clear-turbid yellow, sometimes

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10
Q

what crystals are normal in a urinalysis

A

calcium carbonate

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11
Q

how are enemas given to horses and how is it performed?

A

can be given with a rectal palpation. You will get the fluids through the rectum and stand to the side of the animal as they might expel the contents

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12
Q

What is the maximum amount for a IM injection?

A

15 mL per site

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13
Q

Where do you administer IM injections?

A

Brachiocephalic or serratus ventrials. and Semitendinosus muscles in foals

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14
Q

are SQ injections common?

A

No

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15
Q

IV catheter sizes for adults and foals

A

Adult: 14g 5.25”
foal: 16g 3.25”

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16
Q

what equid needs a cutdown for IV catheter placement?

A

donkeys

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17
Q

what are the guidelines we discussed in regards to IV catheter placement and care

A

allow for quick access to the site, aseptic technique for placement, clip hair, caps should always be wiped down and replaced every 1-2 days, a loose bandage should be placed over catheter to prevent movement

18
Q

what issue can commonly occur while placing a NG tube?

A

the NG tube can go in the trachea and not the stomach

19
Q

what are the issues associated with IM injections

A

abscess

20
Q

what is coaptation

A

the use of bandages, splints, and casts for various reasons

21
Q

How often should a bandage be checked?

A

daily

22
Q

what areas are sensitive to pressure sores?

A

distal limbs

23
Q

how are casts utilized

A

treats fractures, wound and tendon lacerations

24
Q

whats the issue with head bandages?

A

They apply compression

25
Q

what are the indications for tail wrapts?

A

they should be from the base of the tail at the rump to the end of the bone, loosely but firmly applied to make sure it won’t be sloughed off

26
Q

what can tail wraps be used of?

A

neoprene or rubber

27
Q

what is the average hoof growth in horses?

A

1/4 inch every month

28
Q

what is the most common anesthetic that can be used for joint injections?

A

aminoglycosides because it prevents and treats and infection

29
Q

what can we inject into joints?

A

steroid hyaluronic acid, antibiotic

30
Q

what is sinocentesis?

A

making a small hole through the sinuses

31
Q

what is the common name for equine dentistry?

A

floating

32
Q

baby teeth that sit on top of permanent teeth in foals

A

caps

33
Q

the 1st premolar

A

wolf teeth

34
Q

what is a horses flight zone

A

30ft

35
Q

what are stocks

A

rectangle enclosures generally made of metal and occasionally wood.

36
Q

characteristics of normal bodily fluids

A

transparent (not cloudy), non-odorous, low wbc count, few to no RBC, no bacteria present, low protein levels.

37
Q

horses are shod by a farrier

A

true

38
Q

the proper way to wrap a equid’s leg is from medial to lateral over the dorsal part of the leg to the caudal part of the leg and from distal to proximal

A

true

39
Q

before a urinary catheter is placed, what is done

A

a sedative is given

40
Q

What is necessary layer for every bandage?

A

padding

41
Q

silicone catheters can stay in place for up to how many days?

A

up to 30 days

Equine (7 decks)

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