Clinical Prevention: Dietary Advice

Question 1

what medial and dental disorders can sugar implicate

Answer 1

overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, dental caries

Question 2

what does the eatwell plate recommend about fruit and vegetables

Answer 2

at least 5 portions a day, increase fruit and vegetables

Question 3

what does the eatwell plate say about fibre rich starchy foods

Answer 3

increase them, base your meals on starchy foods but choose wholegrain, plenty of bread, rice, potatoes, and pasta

Question 4

what does the eatwell plate say about saturated fats?

Answer 4

decrease consumption, low saturate fats should be used

Question 5

what does the eatwell plate say about milk and dairy foods?

Answer 5

choose lower-fat content

Question 6

what does the eatwell plate say about high fat and sugar?

Answer 6

just a small amount of foods

Question 7

what are sugary foods and drinks best taken?

Answer 7

at meal times

Question 8

What are the 2 main classifications of sugars?

Answer 8

intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 9

what are instrinsic sugars?

Answer 9

inside the cell e.g. raw fruit

Question 10

what are extrinsic sugars?

Answer 10

not inside the cell

Question 11

name the different typed of extrinsic sugars

Answer 11

milk sugars, non-milk sugars, fruit juices, recipe sugar, table sugar

Question 12

comment on the metabolism of glucose and sucrose

Answer 12

they are rapidly metabolised to produce lots of acid mainly lactic

Question 13

what does starch breakdown to give?

Answer 13

glucose, maltose, limit dextrins

Question 14

what does the rate of starch breakdown do?

Answer 14

limit glycolytic activity

Question 15

comment on the metabolism of glucose, maltose and limit dextrins

Answer 15

slow metabolism producing less acid mixed types

Question 16

what is homofermentation?

Answer 16

rapid metabolism

Question 17

what is heterofermentation?

Answer 17

slow metabolism

Question 18

what are the factors that give rise to dental caries?

Answer 18

host susceptible tooth, substrate from diet (sugar), bacteria, time

Question 19

what type of teeth and sugar intake are more associated with high levels of caries?

Answer 19

high frequency sugar intake and younger teeth

Question 20

what does a lower plaque pH favour?

Answer 20

demineralisation and acid production

Question 21

at what time after ingesting sugar has the plaque pH fallen to the minimum value?

Answer 21

5 minutes

Question 22

what does the return to neutral pH depend on?

Answer 22

salivary flow rate buffering capacity

Question 23

how do we manage dental caries in children?

Answer 23

give dietary advice at least one, advise or remind the child/parent about how a healthy diet ca help prevent caries, limit consumption of sugar containing food and drink, snack on healthier foods which are low in sugar, no sugar in formula milk, no eating or drinking after brushing at night

Question 24

name some intense artificial sweeteners

Answer 24

aspartame, sucralose, acesulfame K, saccharin, cheap sugar substitutes

Question 25

name other sweeteners apart from sugar

Answer 25

sugar alcohols, sweetener, alternative natural sweeteners