Clinical Pharmacy

Question 1

Pregnancy category

Metformin

Answer 1

Type B

Question 2

Pregnancy category

Losartan

Answer 2

Type D

Question 3

Symptoms in the past months and not related to chief complain

Answer 3

Review of Systems

Question 4

Instruction to patient

Answer 4

Signa/Transcription

Question 5

Medication Errors

Reach the patient; no harm

Answer 5

Type C

Question 6

Medication errors

Reach the patient; no harm but increase monitoring

Answer 6

Type D

Question 7

A and B = same benefit; different cost (cheaper)

Answer 7

Cost Minimization

Question 8

Study Designs
Disadvantage: recall bias
Advantage: inexpensive

Answer 8

Case control/Retrospective

Question 9

Most common type of anemia; decrease serum ferritin, increase total iron binding capacity

Answer 9

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 10

Urinalysis:

Presence of RBC

Answer 10

stones, renal cancer, bleeding disorder

Question 11

Presence of reticulocytes or young RBC (increase of decrease blood loss)

Answer 11

Increase blood loss

Question 12

Lymphocytes: viral infection
Neutrophils: ________

Answer 12

Bacterial infection

Question 13

LDH 1 and 2: heart

LDH 5: __________

Answer 13

Liver and skeletal muscle

Question 14

End product of protein metabolism

Answer 14

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Question 15

End product of nucleoprotein metabolism

Answer 15

Uric acid

Question 16

More specific in liver

Answer 16

ALT/SGPT

Question 17

Too much increase in alkaline

Answer 17

Biliary obstruction
Paget’s disease
Osteomalacia

Question 18

Hypervitaminosis D (high or low phosphate)

Answer 18

High phosphate

Question 19

Diarrhea (high or low Mg)

Answer 19

Low Mg (other effects: malabsorption, diuretics, hyperaldosteronism)

Question 20

Salbutamol can: increase or decrease potassium

Answer 20

Increase K (other agents that increase K: Ca-gluconate, Bicarbonate, Insulin glucose