Adverse Drug Reactions

Question 1

Repeated drug administration, lowers the effect. Associated with negative feedback mechanism:

Answer 1

Tachyphylaxis

Question 2

Physical incompatibility: (Water loss)
Ointments: Crumbling
Gels: Syneresis
Emulsions:_______

Answer 2

Cracking

Question 3

Color of urine when patient is on Metronidizole:

Answer 3

Ash gray / Brown

Question 4

Warfarin/Heparin/LMWH + Garlic/Ginger exhibit what effect:

Answer 4

Additive (bleeding)

Question 5

Warfarin + Asian ginseng (coagulation or bleeding)

Answer 5

Bleeding (additive effect)

Question 6

Licorice + anti-HTN agents:

Answer 6

Antagonism

Question 7

Acacia + Fe salts exhibit what type of chemical incompatibility

Answer 7

Gelatinization

Question 8

FDA Pregnancy Category

No effect in human; with adverse effect in animals

Answer 8

Category B

Question 9

FDA Pregnancy Category

Inadequate proof of effects in human; no effect in animals

Answer 9

Category B

Question 10

Type of ADRs

Halothane: acute hepatic necrosis

Answer 10

Type B

Question 11

Type of ADRs

Anthracyclines: cardiotoxic

Answer 11

Type B

Question 12

Pharmacodynamic effect

Loop diuretic + Aminoglycosides

Answer 12

Synergism

Question 13

Pharmacodynamic effect

Fansidar

Answer 13

Synergism

Question 14

Biphosphates (-dronates) + any food

Answer 14

Decrease BA (take first thing in the morning with plain water, remain in upright position)

Question 15

May occur but needs studies

Answer 15

Suspected

Question 16

Could occur, limited data

Answer 16

Possible

Question 17

R-thalidomide (teratogenic or tx for morning sickness)

Answer 17

Tx for morning sickness

Question 18

Pharmacodynamic effect

Azithromycin + Antidepressants

Answer 18

Addition (prolongation of QT intervals)

Question 19

Chloramphenicol (inducer or inhibitor)

Answer 19

Enzyme inhibitor

Question 20

Which of the following is not an example of drugs that affected by photooxidation/photolysis?
Riboflavin, Cisplatin, Nifedipine, Na nitroprusside

Answer 20

All are affected

Question 21

Methimazole: Aplastia cutis
_____________: cleft lip and palate, neural tube defects

Answer 21

Valproic acid/Carbamazepine

Question 22

Rhombic polymorphism:

Answer 22

Iodine

Question 23

Acacia mucilage + NaCl (salting out / salting in)

Answer 23

Salting out/Dehydration

Question 24

Immunoglobulin present in Type III immunologic reaction

Answer 24

IgG

Question 25

Sedative hypnotic: daytime somnolence (side effect/extension effect)

Answer 25

Extension effect

Question 26

Types of ADR

NSAIDS: nephropathy

Answer 26

Type C

Question 27

Types of ADR

Gray baby syndrome

Answer 27

Type B

Question 28

Type of ADR

Ebstein’s anomaly

Answer 28

Type D (it is caused by lithium)

Question 29

Types of ADR

Phenothiazine tranquilizer: tardive dyakinesia

Answer 29

Type C

Question 30

Types of ADR

Laxative: colonic dysfunction

Answer 30

Type C

Question 31

Container to drug (sorption / leaching)

Answer 31

Leaching (lecheng CD)

Question 32

Griseofulvin (inducer or inhibitor)

Answer 32

Enzyme inducer

Question 33

Pharmacodynamic effect

EPI + acetylcholine

Answer 33

Antagonism

Question 34

Pharmacokinetic effect

Ketoconazole + antacid

Answer 34

Alteration in pH (lowers BA)

Question 35

Pharmacokinetic effect

Antibiotic + Warfarin

Answer 35

Alteration of GI Flora (increase absorption of warfarin)