Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
Repeated drug administration, lowers the effect. Associated with negative feedback mechanism:
Tachyphylaxis
Physical incompatibility: (Water loss)
Ointments: Crumbling
Gels: Syneresis
Emulsions:_______
Cracking
Color of urine when patient is on Metronidizole:
Ash gray / Brown
Warfarin/Heparin/LMWH + Garlic/Ginger exhibit what effect:
Additive (bleeding)
Warfarin + Asian ginseng (coagulation or bleeding)
Bleeding (additive effect)
Licorice + anti-HTN agents:
Antagonism
Acacia + Fe salts exhibit what type of chemical incompatibility
Gelatinization
FDA Pregnancy Category
No effect in human; with adverse effect in animals
Category B
FDA Pregnancy Category
Inadequate proof of effects in human; no effect in animals
Category B
Type of ADRs
Halothane: acute hepatic necrosis
Type B
Type of ADRs
Anthracyclines: cardiotoxic
Type B
Pharmacodynamic effect
Loop diuretic + Aminoglycosides
Synergism
Pharmacodynamic effect
Fansidar
Synergism
Biphosphates (-dronates) + any food
Decrease BA (take first thing in the morning with plain water, remain in upright position)
May occur but needs studies
Suspected
Could occur, limited data
Possible
R-thalidomide (teratogenic or tx for morning sickness)
Tx for morning sickness
Pharmacodynamic effect
Azithromycin + Antidepressants
Addition (prolongation of QT intervals)
Chloramphenicol (inducer or inhibitor)
Enzyme inhibitor
Which of the following is not an example of drugs that affected by photooxidation/photolysis?
Riboflavin, Cisplatin, Nifedipine, Na nitroprusside
All are affected
Methimazole: Aplastia cutis
_____________: cleft lip and palate, neural tube defects
Valproic acid/Carbamazepine
Rhombic polymorphism:
Iodine
Acacia mucilage + NaCl (salting out / salting in)
Salting out/Dehydration
Immunoglobulin present in Type III immunologic reaction
IgG
