Clinical pharmacology 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the main side effect of anticoagulants i.e. aspirin, warfarin and heparin ?
A
- The main adverse effect of all anticoagulants is haemorrhage e.g. GI bleeding, easy bruising
2
Q
What are some of the common side effects of warfarin ?
A
- Nausea, vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Jaundice
- Hepatic dysfunction
- Pancreatitis
- Pyrexia
- Alopecia
- Purpura rash ‘purple toes’
3
Q
What are the common side effects of digoxin ?
A
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Arrhythmias
- Dizziness
- Blurred or yellow vision
- Rash
- eosinophilia
toxic = nausea 1st one
4
Q
What are the common side effects of insluin ?
A
- Transient oedema
- Local reactions at injection site
- Fat hypertrophy at injection site
- Hypoglycaemia
5
Q
What are the common side effects of benzodiazepines ?
A
- Drowsiness ==> resp depression
- Light-headedness
- Confusion
- Unsteadiness (especially in older people, who may have falls and injure themselves as a result)
- Dizziness
- Slurred speech
- Muscle weakness
- Memory problems
- Constipation
- Nausea (feeling sick)
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- addiction
6
Q
What are the common side effects of diuretics ?
A
- Drowsiness
- Light-headedness
- Confusion
- Unsteadiness (especially in older people, who may have falls and injure themselves as a result)
- Dizziness
- Slurred speech
- Muscle weakness
- Memory problems
- Constipation
- Nausea (feeling sick)
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- electolyte imbalances low Na low K, high K if spironolactone
- renal failure
- hypotension
- rashes
7
Q
Common adverse effects of NSAID’s
A
- Worsen renal failure
- GI bleeding - ulcers etc
- Increase risk of heart attack
- Can make a certain percentage of asthmatic wheeze
8
Q
Corticosteroids
A
- HTN
- Osteoporosis
- Weight gain - buffalo hump
- Blurred vision
- Mood swings
- Muscle weakness
- Lower resistance of infection
- oedema esp face
- Increased hair growth
- insomnia
9
Q
Opioids
A
- Nausea and vomiting
- constipation
- drowsiness, Light headed ness
- Resp depression
10
Q
Common side effect of ACEi to be aware of is
A
- Low BP
- Persistent dry Cough - this is when you change to an ARB
- Renal impairment - have to check kidney function a week or 2 after starting
- hyperkalaemia
11
Q
What are the common side effects of theophylline
A
- Uticaria
- Erythema
- Exfoliatve dermaitis
- hypotension
- arrhythmias and convulsions esp if given IV
12
Q
What are the common side effects of CCB
A
- Lightheadedness.
- Low blood pressure.
- Slower heart rate.
- Drowsiness.
- Constipation.
- Swelling of feet ankles and legs. by far the most common
- headaches
- flushing
- Increased appetite.
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
