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Clinical Nutrition Exam 1 > Clinical Nutrition Intro & Nutritional Counseling > Flashcards

Clinical Nutrition Intro & Nutritional Counseling Flashcards

1
Q

What are some factors that may affect nutritional status?

A
  • Food/Nutrition History
  • Anthropometric measurements
  • Biochemical data
  • Physical Exam
  • Functional Assessment
  • Estimated energy/protein needs
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2
Q

What are the four components of the patient care process?

A
  1. Assessment
  2. Diagnosis
  3. Intervention
  4. Monitoring
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3
Q

What are the parts of motivational interviewing?

Following, directing or guiding?

A

Guiding via:

  1. Ask
  2. Listen
  3. Informing
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4
Q

How many recommendations are your patients going to comply with?

A

Make one change at a time.

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5
Q

What are examples of subjective data used in nutritional analysis?

A
  • Food/Nutrient intake
  • Medication and supplement intake
  • Knowledge/belief/attitude
  • Behavior
  • Factors affecting access to food
  • Physical Activity
  • Nutrition-related patient-centered measures
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6
Q

What are examples of objective data used in nutritional analysis?

A
  • Medical Records
  • Histories
  • Anthropometric measurements
  • Results from tests and procedures
  • Biochemical Data
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7
Q

What anthropometric measures are usually conducted? What is the best indicator of health?

A
  1. ) Height
  2. ) Weight
  3. ) Waist Circumference ***best indicator
  4. ) Percent weight change
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8
Q

BMI <16

A

Severe thinness

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9
Q

BMI 16-16.9

A

Moderate thinness

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10
Q

BMI 17-18.49

A

Mild thinness

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11
Q

BMI 18.5-24.9

A

Normal

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12
Q

BMI > or equal to 25

A

Overweight

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13
Q

BMI 25-29.9

A

Preobese

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14
Q

BMI 30-34.9

A

Obese Class I

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15
Q

BMI 35-39.9

A

Obese Class II

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16
Q

BMI 40+

A

Obese Class III

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17
Q

What is the cutoff for healthy male WC?

A

Less than or equal to 40 inches

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18
Q

What is the cutoff for healthy female WC?

A

Less than or equal to 35 inches

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19
Q

What is the cutoff for healthy male waist to hip ratio (WHR)?

A

Less than or equal to 0.95

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20
Q

What is the cutoff for healthy female waist to hip ratio (WHR)?

A

Less than or equal to 0.80

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21
Q

What is the cutoff for healthy waist to height ratio for males and females?

A

Less than 0.50

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22
Q

How do you calculate percent weight change?

A

[(Usual Body weight - present weight)/ usual body weight] *100 = Percent weight change

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23
Q

Acanthosis nigricans

A

Obesity, metabolic syndrome, T2D

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24
Q

Ecchymosis (bleeding under the skin)

A

Vitamin K or C deficiency

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25
Q

Petechiae and purpura

A

Vitamin K or C deficiency

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26
Q

Dermatitis

A

Marasmus, niacin (B3), riboflavin (B2), zinc, biotin, or essential fatty acid deficiency

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27
Q

Follicular hyperkeratosis

A

Vitamin A or C deficiency

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28
Q

Pigmentation changes

A

Niacin (B3) or copper deficiency, marasmus

29
Q

Pressure Ulcers/ delayed wound healing

A

Protein, vitamin C, zinc deficiency

30
Q

Psoriasis, eczema

A

Zinc deficiency

31
Q

Scrotal Dermatitis

A

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

32
Q

Pallor

A

Iron, folate, B12, or copper deficiency

33
Q

Thickening and dryness of the skin

A

Linoleic acid deficiency (n-6)

34
Q

Depigmentation of hair

A

Copper deficiency

35
Q

Easily pluckable hair

A

Protein or copper deficiency

36
Q

Thinning or dull hair

A

Protein, zinc, biotin, or n-6 deficiency

37
Q

Kolionychia (Nail spooning)

A

Iron deficiency

38
Q

Dull, lusterless, transverse lines on nails

A

Protein deficiency

39
Q

Pale, mottled nails

A

Vitamin A or C deficiency

40
Q

Bruising, bleeding nails

A

Protein-energy deficiency

41
Q

Splinter hemorrhages - nails

A

Vitamin C deficiency

42
Q

Facial parasthesias (tingling)

A

Calcium deficiency

43
Q

Moon Face (children)

A

Kwashiokor (protein deficiency)

44
Q

Night blindness, xerosis, Bitot’s spots, keratomalacia

A

Vitamin A deficiency

45
Q

Photophobia, blurring, conjunctivitis, corneal vascularization

A

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

46
Q

Pale conjunctiva

A

Iron, folate or B12 deficiency

47
Q

Angular palpebritis

A

Riboflavin (B2), or niacin (B3) deficiency

48
Q

Corneal arcus (ring), xanthelasma

A

Hyperlipidemia

49
Q

Chelosis, angular stomatitis (tongue)

A

Riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), or Biotin (B6) deficiency

50
Q

Taste Atrophy

A

Zinc deficiency

51
Q

Magenta tongue

A

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

52
Q

Glossitis, atrophic filiform papillae

A

Niacin (B3), Riboflavin (B2), Folate, iron, or B12 deficiency

53
Q

Dental Carries

A

Fluoride or Vitamin C deficiency, excess sugar

54
Q

Mottling of teeth

A

Fluoride toxicity

55
Q

Spongy, bleeding or receding gums

A

Vitamin C deficiency

56
Q

Enlarged Thyroid

A

Iodine deficiency

57
Q

Enlarged parotids

A

Protein deficiency or bulimia

58
Q

Rickets, osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency

59
Q

Swollen, painful joints

A

Vitamin C deficiency

60
Q

Thigh and calf pain

A

Thiamin (B1) deficiency

61
Q

Muscle Wasting and weakness

A

Protein-energy, vitamin D or magnesium deficiency

62
Q

Psychomotor changes, confusion

A

Protein deficiency

63
Q

Weakness, confusion, depressed reflexes, paresthesias, sensory loss, calf tenderness

A

Thiamin (B1), Vitamin E, B6 or B12 deficiency

64
Q

Dementia

A

Niacin (B3) or B12 deficiency

65
Q

Tetany

A

Vitamin D, calcium or magnesium deficiency

66
Q

What is a measurement of a nutrient or its metabolite in blood, urine or body tissue?

A

Static Biochemical Assessment (Static Assay)

67
Q

What is a measurement of a process requiring specific nutrients?

A

Functional Biochemical Assessment (Functional Assay)

68
Q

Are we able to measure the status of all micronutrients in vivo?

A

No, There is not a single test or group of tests that are sufficient for monitoring nutritional status.

69
Q

What is an inappropriate method for measuring nutritonal status?

A

Applied Kinesiology - no more useful than random guessing

Clinical Nutrition Exam 1 (6 decks)

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