Clinical Medicine 3: Heart Flashcards
Angina:
severe, often constricting pain; caused by reduced arterial blood to the myocardium, which reduces oxygen supplied to the myocardial cells; causes injury and ischemia and the sharp precordial pain directly related to cardiac ischemia; usually refers to angina pectoris.
Arrhythmia
loss of rhythm; denotes especially an irregularity of the heartbeat
Atherosclerotic heart disease:
narrowing of the small blood vessels of the heart.
Bradycardia
slow beating of the heart, usually at a rate of less than 60 beats per minute.
Bruit
a harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one.
Bacterial endocarditis:
bacterial infection of the endothelial layer of the heart and valves.
Cardiac tamponade:
excessive fluid accumulation between the pericardium and the heart
Congestive heart failure:
a failure of the heart to pump effectively resulting in congestion within the pulmonary and systemic circulation of the heart.
Cor pulmonale:
enlargement of the right ventricle secondary to chronic lung disease.
Myocardial infarction:
ischemic myocardial necrosis due to decrease blood flow to a segment of the myocardium.
Myocarditis
inflammation of the myocardium.
Myocardium
middle layer of the heart.
Palpitations:
forcible or irregular pulsation of the heart, perceptible to the patient, usually with an increase in frequency or force, with or without irregularity in rhythm.
Pericarditis
inflammation of the pericardium
Pericardium:
fibrous sac encasing the heart.
