Clinical Medicine 3: Breast and Axilla

Question 1

Areola

Answer 1

pigmented area surrounding the nipple.

Question 2

Colostrum

Answer 2

a clear or milky fluid that is expressed from the breast before milk production.

Question 3

Cooper ligaments:

Answer 3

a band of subcutaneous fibrous tissue that provides support to the breast.

Question 4

Duct ectasia:

Answer 4

a benign condition of the subareolar ducts that can cause a nipple discharge.

Question 5

Fibroadenoma

Answer 5

a benign tumor of the breast.

Question 6

Fibrocystic disease:

Answer 6

a benign condition that presents with fluid-filled cyst due to ductal enlargement that is usually bilateral and multiple.

Question 7

Galactorrhea

Answer 7

lactation not associated with childbearing.

Question 8

Gynecomastia

Answer 8

abnormally large mammary glands in the male; sometimes may excrete milk

Question 9

Intraductal papillomas:

Answer 9

benign tumors of the subareolar ducts that produce a nipple discharge.

Question 10

Lactation

Answer 10

the production and secretion of milk from the breast.

Question 11

Mastitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the breast.

Question 12

Mastodynia

Answer 12

pain in the breast.

Question 13

Montgomery follicles:

Answer 13

tiny sebaceous glands that may appear on the areola.

Question 14

Paget disease:

Answer 14

skin manifestations that are indicative of ductal carcinoma.

Question 15

Peau d’orange:

Answer 15

skin changes of the breast due to edema caused by blockage of the lymph drainage associated with inflammatory breast cancer.

Question 16

Tail of Spence:

Answer 16

area where most malignancies of the breast tissue occurs.

Question 17

Thelarche

Answer 17

the beginning of female pubertal breast development.