Clinical Manifestations / Complications Flashcards
Atelectasis (acute and chronic)
Dyspnea, cough, sputum
Increased WOB
Acute: tachycardia, tachypnea, pleural pain, central cyanosis
Chronic: similar to acute, infection might be present
Influenza
Abrupt onset
Fever, chills, myalgia, fatigue
HA, sore throat
Influenza complications
PNA
Sinus infection
Dehydration
Streptococcal PNA
Sudden chills, fever
Pleuratic chest pain
Respiratory distress
Viral/mycoplasma/Legionella PNA
Bradycardia
PNA complications
Atelectasis
Pleurisy
Pleural effusion
Pneumothorax
Meningitis
ARF
Sepsis, shock
Also delirium with older
TB
2-3 weeks after infection…
Cough (dry then productive)
Fatigue, malaise, fever, night sweats
Anorexia and weight loss
Later: dyspnea (unusual) and hemoptysis
SUD
Mood
Hygiene
Odd sleep patterns
Injuries
Relationship problems
Poor job performance
Anorexia
Isolation
Financial problems, jail, theft
Withdrawal
Long term alcohol use complications
HTN, CM, heart disease
Stroke
Liver
Gastritis
Pancreatits
Immunosuppression
Sexual dysfunction
BAL 0.4 to 0.5
Coma
Impaired breathing and HR
Nystagmus
BAL 0.200 to 0.299
NV
Emotional
Decreased libido
Motor impairment
Blackout
Loss of consciousness
BAL 0.001 to 0.029
Normal
BAL 0.030 to 0.059
Mild euphoria
Relaxed
Happy
Talkative
Impaired concentration
BAL 0.060 to 0.099
Reduced pain
Euphoria
Extraversion
Impaired depth perception and peripheral vision
Wernicke Korsakoff
Vitamin B deficiency
Vision changes
Memory impairment
Dementia
DT
Anxiety, fear, irritable, agitated
Tremor
Insomnia
Incontinent
Hallucinations
Tachycardia, HTN, dilated pupils, hyperthermia, sweating
Chronic bronchitis
Cough with sputum 3 months for 2 years
Increased goblet cells
Enlarged submucosal glands
Cilia dysfunction
Inflammation
(“Blue bloater” cyanosis)
Emphysema pathophysiology
Abnormal airspace distention
Alveoli wall destruction
Increased dead space
Impaired diffusion
Hypoxemia
Hypercapnia
COPD pathophysiology
Chronic inflammation in airways, parenchyma, and pulmonary blood vessels
Air trapping
Hypersecretion
Mucosal edema
Bronchospasm
Effects of aging on respiratory system
Loss of elasticity
Stiff chest wall
Rib cage calcification
Kyphosis
Decreased exercise tolerance
Smaller rounder lungs
Decreased number alveoli
COPD
Cough and sputum
Dyspnea
Accessory muscles, chest breathing
Weight loss
Exercise intolerance
Wheezes, deceased breath sounds
Tripod, pursed lip, long expiratory
COPD complications
Exacerbations
Respiratory insufficiency
Respiratory failure
PH/cor pulmonale
PNA
Cor pulmonale
Dyspnea
Crackles
JVD
Hepatomegaly, RUQ tenderness
Edema, weight gain
O2 therapy complications
Combustion
CO2 narcosis
O2 toxicity
Absorption atelectasis
Infection
Lung cancer
Dyspnea
Hemoptysis
Chest and shoulder pain
Pneumonitis
Cough with sputum
Dysphagia
Swollen lymph nodes
Clubbing
Nonspecific: weight loss, weakness, HA
Obesity complications
2 to 6 year decrease of lifespan
Increased risk for cancer, DM2, asthma, HTN, Alzheimer’s, musculoskeletal disorders
Respiratory failure, OSA, obesity hypo ventilation syndrome
HF, embolism
Dumping syndrome
Sweating
Tachycardia
NVD
Dizzy
Smoking’s effect on body
Lung damage
Damage to protective mechanics
Airflow obstruction
Increase secretions
Reduced lung capacity
Pneumothorax
Dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, pleuritic chest pain, tracheal deviation, absence of breath sounds, fremitus
Liver dysfunction
Jaundice
Encephalopathy
Angioma
Lack of body hair
Muscle wasting
Widened blood vessels
Ascites
Red palms
Cirrhosis
Jaundice
Yellow
High bilirubin
Hepatocellular jaundice
Sick
Anorexia, NV
Malaise, fatigue, weak
HA, chills, fever, infection
Obstructive jaundice
Dark urine, pale stool
Dyspepsia, fat intolerance, impaired digestion
Pruritis
Hepatic encephalopathy
Lethargy
Change in sleep patterns
Drowsiness
Mood swings
Confusion
Incoherent
Stupor
Coma
Esophageal varices
Hematemesis
Melena
Deterioration
Shock
Hep A
Mild flu
Low fever
Anorexia
Later jaundice and dark urine
Indigestion and epigastric distress
Large liver and spleen
Hep B
Insidious and variable
Similar to HAV (mild flu)
Low appetite
Dyspepsia
Abdominal pain
Aches
Malaise
Weakness
Maybe jaundice
Hep C
Mild symptoms but high chance of becoming chronic
Hep D
High chance of sudden liver failure or chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
Hepatomegaly
Portal obstruction
Ascites
Infection
Peritonitis
Varices
Edema
Vitamin deficiency
Anemia
Mental deterioration
Liver CA
Pain at RUQ, back, epigastrium
Weight loss
Anemia
Anorexia
Weak
Jaundice if bile duct occlusion
Ascites
Obstructed portal veins
Also: hepatomegaly
Glaucoma
Silent thief
Loss of peripheral vision
Blurry
Halo
Hard time focusing and adjusting to low lighting
Achy eyes and HA
Cataracts
Painless blurry vision
Dim
Glare sensitivity
Reduced acuity
Myopic shift
Astigmatism
Diplopia (double vision)
Color shifts
Retinal detachment
Shade / curtain in vision at 1 eye
Flashing lights
Sudden floaters
Hearing loss
Tinnitus
Turning up TV
Impaired speech
Isolation
External otitis
Pain
Tender
Discharge
Edema
Erythema
Pruritis
Hearing loss
Fullness
Acute otitis media
Otalgia
Fever
Hearing loss
Ménière’s disease
Triad: episodic vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss
Pressure, NV
PNA
Cough
Fever and chills
Dyspnea and tachypnea
Myalgia
Pleural chest pain
Accessory muscles
Orthopnea
Crackles
Fremitus vibration
Purulent sputum
Change in mentation
