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CLASP Cancer > Clinical management > Flashcards

Clinical management Flashcards

1
Q

what is radical treatment

A

curative attempt at eradicating tumour

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2
Q

what is palliative treatment

A

non curative but improves symptoms and quality of life

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3
Q

what is adjuvant treatment

A

post surgical treatment to reduce tumour recurrence

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4
Q

what is neo-adjuvant treatment

A

pre-surgical treatment to shrink tumour prior to removal

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5
Q

what is overall survival

A

time alive

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6
Q

what is disease free survival

A

time with no signs/symptoms of cancer

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7
Q

what is progression free survival

A

time with cancer when it doesnt get any worse

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8
Q

what is local control

A

time without recurrence or progression at tumour-specific site

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9
Q

mechanism of action of alkylating agents

A

attach alkyl group to DNA

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10
Q

mechanism of action of platinum salts

A

DNA cross linking

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11
Q

mechanism of action of anti-metabolites

A

prevent DNA/RNA growth

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12
Q

mechanism of action of taxanes

A

mitotic inhibitors

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13
Q

mechanism of action of anthracyclines

A

interfere with DNA copying enzymes

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14
Q

mechanism of action of topoimerase inhibitor

A

prevents DNA unwinding

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15
Q

side effects of chemotherapy

A 
malaise, fatigue 
alopecia 
peripheral neuropathy 
nail changes
renal/liver impairment 
fertility changes 
neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anaemia 
diarrhoea, nausea, altered taste, mouth ulcer
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16
Q

radiotherapy mechanism of action

A

wavelength of radiation causes break to DNA double strand to prevent cell division

17
Q

acute radiotherapy toxicities

A 
fatigue 
erythema 
diarrhoea
cystitis 
mucositis 
oral pain 
oesophagitis 
nausea/vomiting
18
Q

late toxicities of radiotherapy

A 
skin fibrosis 
dysphagia 
bowel dysfunction 
incontinence 
pneumonitis 
menopause 
infertility 
secondary cancer
19
Q

what prescription dose is given for radical radiotherapy

A

usually 25-30 fractions over 4-6 weeks

20
Q

what prescription dose is given for palliative radiotherapy

A

lower radiation doses over less fractions than radical, over 1-2 weeks

21
Q

what is HER2

A

EGFR gene overexpressed in 25% breast cancer

22
Q

what is the action of herceptin

A

blocks ligand binding to HER2 so prevents cell signalling to kill cancer cell

23
Q

what is palliative care

A

attempt to improve QOL to patient and family by preventing/relieving suffering/pain

24
Q

treatment options in palliative care

A

drug therapy
non drug therapy
surgical/invasive intervention

CLASP Cancer (5 decks)

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