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Gastrointestinal II Exam #1 > Clinical Etc. > Flashcards

Clinical Etc. Flashcards

1
Q

When would you see hypocalcemia in GI cases?

A

Acute pancreatitis (saponification)

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2
Q

When would you see decreased fecal chymotrypsin?

A

Chronic pancreatitis

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3
Q

Major cause of death with infection

A

Dehydration

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4
Q

Vomiting is more common in which kinds of bacteria?

A

Bacteria that produce toxins

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5
Q

Abdominal pain is more common in what kind of pathogens?

A

Entero-adherent pathogens

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6
Q

What microbes are detected in a routine stool culture? (4)

A

Salmonella

Shigella

E. coli

Campylobacter

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7
Q

Cornerstones of diagnosis of infectious diarrhea:

A

Microbial analysis of stool

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8
Q

Test for C. diff

A

Stool immunoassay for C diff PCR/toxin

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9
Q

Undercooked hamburger

A

EHEC

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10
Q

Fried rice

A

Bacillus cereus

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11
Q

Potato salad, mayo or cream pastries

A

Staph aureus

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12
Q

Eggs

A

Salmonella

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13
Q

Lunch meat

A

Listeria

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14
Q

Seafood

A

Cholera

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15
Q

Morphology of S. aureus

A

G+ cocci in clusters (grapes)

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16
Q

SX of S. aureus infection

A

N/V

Watery diarrhea

Rapid onset within 6 hrs.

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17
Q

Morphology of B. cereus

A

G+ rods with preformed enterotoxins

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18
Q

SX of B. cereus infection

A

Vomiting (main symptom)

Watery diarrhea

Rapid onset within 6 hrs.

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19
Q

Morphology of C. perfringens

A

G+, heat-resistent, spore-forming rod with pre-formed enterotoxins

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20
Q

Beef, ham, poultry, legumes, gravy

A

C. perfringens

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21
Q

Morphology of Shigella

A

G- rod with Shiga toxin

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22
Q

SX of Shigella

A

Dysentery (may have pus)

Abdominal cramps

Fever for 3-4 days

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23
Q

DX of Shigella (2)

A

Fecal leukocytes (+)

Stool cultures

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24
Q

Lettuce, raw veggies

A

Shigella

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25
2 major Shigella complications
Reactive arthritis HUS
26
Salmonella morphology
G- rod
27
SX of Salmonella
Watery -> bloody diarrhea Fever, cramps, N/V
28
Salmonella infects...
Peyer's patches
29
Complications of Salmonella
Septic arthritis Abscess Osteomyelitis
30
Can remain in the Gb in a carrier state
Salmonella typhi
31
2 symptomatic phases
Salmonella typhi
32
Eggs, poultry, reptiles
Salmonella typhimurium
33
Associated with Sickle cell disease
Salmonella typhimurium
34
Campylobacter jejuni morphology
G- curved/spiral-shaped rod | with a cork-screw motion
35
SX of C. jejuni
Watery -> bloody diarrhea Fever Crampy abdominal pain Erythema nodosum
36
Requires blood agar to culture
C. jejuni
37
Poultry, contaminated water
C, jejuni
38
Guillan-Barre syndrome is a complication
C. jejuni
39
Freshwater fish
Aeromonas hydrophila
40
Risk factors for Aeromonas hydrophila
Eating fish Open wounds in the water
41
ETEC is most common cause of:
Traveler's diarrhea
42
ETEC morphology
G- rod
43
SX if ETEC
Watery diarrhea N/V Occasional fever Sudden onset
44
Dx of ETEC
Clinical Dx
45
Morphology of EHEC
G- rod w/ Shiga-like toxin
46
Only give ABX in severe cases of _______, because they increase the risk of ________
EHEC, HUS
47
Most common complication of EHEC
HUS (most common in kids treated w/ abx)
48
Iron-overload syndromes are a risk factor
Yersinia
49
Listeria morphology
G+ rod
50
SX of Listeria infection
Non-bloody diarrhea Fever, HA, N/V
51
Required to Dx Listeria
Blood cultures
52
Predilection for pregnant women
Listeria
53
Tropheryma whipplei morphology
G+ bacillus, non-acid-fast
54
SX of Whipple's disease (5)
Arthralgias Wt. loss Malabsorption Chronic diarrhea Cardic abnormalities
55
Dx of Whipple's disease
Endoscopy w/ duodenal bx PAS w/ +Mo
56
Toxic megacolon is a complication of:
C diff
57
Most common cause of acute diarrhea in infants <2 y/o
Rotavirus
58
SX of Rotavirus
Vomiting Watery diarrhea
59
Dx of Rotavirus
Virul culture or PCR
60
"Wagon wheel" appearance on EM
Rotavirus
61
SX of Adenovirus
Fever Watery diarrhea and vomiting Conjunctivitis Pharyngitis
62
RNA virus
Norovirus
63
Most common cause of dysentery in the world:
E. histolytica
64
SX of E. histolytica
Bloody diarrhea If penetrating to the portal system, may have liver asbcesses
65
"Flask-shaped" ulcer on histology
E. histolytica
66
2 complications of E. histolytica
Toxic megacolon Pneumatosis coli
67
Swimming pools
Cryptosporidium
68
Type of diarrhea in Cryptosporidium infection
Watery diarrhea - large vol.
69
Dx of Cryptosporidium
Stool Ag or microscopy Modified acid-fast, DFA
70
Resistent to Cl- treatment
Cryptosporidium
71
Patients with HTLV-1 infection are at a higher risk of:
Strongyloides
72
Route of infection for Strongyloides
Through bare feet in contamined soil
73
Ascaris lumbircoides is AKA a...
Hookworm/whipworm
74
A. lumbricoides infection may cause...
Bowel obstruction because they can get massive
75
From fish and can cause a Vitamin B12 deficiency
Diphyllobothrium latum - fish tapeworm
76
Freshwater snails
Schistosoma mansoni
77
Bloody stools Bladder cancer Liver cysts
Schistosoma
78
2nd leading cause of esophageal varices in Africa
Schistosoma
79
Taenia solium is from: Taenia saginata is from: Both are what kind of parasites?
Undercooked pork Undercooked beef Tapeworms
80
Free-flowing "hydatid sand" on CT
Echinococcus granulosus
81
2 bugs that are not killed by EtOH gels
Norovirus C diff
82
4 bugs that can cause reactive arthritis
Salmonella Campylobacter Shigella Yersinia
83
Diarrhea/stool type found in SI vs. colon infection WBC in stools?
SI - watery, no WBC Colon - bloody, yes WBC
84
IgA deficiency is associated with...
Giardia

Gastrointestinal II Exam #1 (19 decks)

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