Clinical Decision Making

Question 1

Clinical Reasoning

Answer 1

specific thinking about patient care issues like managing patient problems

Question 2

Clinical Judgement

Answer 2

the result of critical reasoning or thinking

Question 3

Five components of critical thinking

Answer 3

Knowledge
Experience
Nursing process competencies
Attitudes
Standards

Question 4

ADPIE

Answer 4

the nursing process: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation

Question 5

Nursing process included in ANA standards of practice in what year?

Answer 5

1973

Question 6

Subjective data

Answer 6

**Must be collected from patient**
Feelings
Sensations
Beliefs
Values
Attitudes
Perception

Question 7

Objective data

Answer 7

**Gathered from senses**
Observed behaviors, signs
Felt
Smelled
Heard
Seen

Question 8

PES Method

Answer 8

Method of writing nursing dx:
Problem (impaired dentition)
Etiology (related to poor oral hygiene)
Symptoms (as evidenced by reluctance to visit dentist, frequent c/o mouth pain)

Question 9

Independent nursing interventions

Answer 9

Nurse initiated
does not require MD order

Ex: elevating an edematous extremity, assisting a patient with mouth care, turning a patient every 2 hours​

Question 10

Dependent nursing interventions

Answer 10

Physician initiated
Requires MD order

Ex: administering ordered meds, inserting a Foley catheter, administering a fluid bolus, preparing the patient for an ordered test/procedure​

Question 11

Goals vs Expected Outcomes

Answer 11

Goals tend to be more broad and summarizes what will be accomplished when patient has met goals (ex patient remains free from new pressure ulcer development during hospital stay).

Expected outcomes are measurable and translate into observable patient behaviors (ex patient describes risks for impaired skin integrity/breakdown).