Clinical Correlation 2 Flashcards
White Blood Cell Maturation
14 days
Stage number of Myeloblast
Stage 1
Stage number of Promyelocyte
Stage 2
Stage number of Myelocyte
Stage 3
Stage number of Metamyelocyte
Stage 4
Stage number of Band/Stab
Stage 5
Stage number of Mature Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils
Stage 6
Highest NC (Nucleus-to-Cystoplasm) Ratio (WBC Maturation)
Stage 1 - Myeloblast
Start of Primary Granules
WBC Maturation
Stage 2 - Promyelocyte
Start of Secondary Granules
WBC Maturation
Stage 3 - Myelocyte
Last stage capable of Cell Division / End of cell division
WBC Maturation
Stage 3 - Myelocyte
Start of Tertiary Granules
WBC Maturation
Stage 4 - Metamyelocyte
Indented nucleus or Kidney Bean-shaped
WBC Maturation
Stage 4 - Metamyelocyte
Earliest stage that appears in Peripheral Blood Smear
WBC Maturation
Stage 5 - Band/Stab
Sausage-shaped / Horseshoe-shaped
WBC Maturation
Stage 5 - Band/Stab
Contains 3 to 5 lobes of nucleus
WBC Maturation
Stage 6 - Mature Neu/Eo/Baso
Primary content of Neutrophil Granules
Myeloperoxidase Acid Hydrolase Acid Phosphatase Arylsulfatase Elastase
Secondary content of Neutrophil Granules
Lactoferrin
Lysozyme
Collagenase
Tertiary content of Neutrophil Granules
Gelatinase
What are the Granulocytes?
(BEN)
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
It is a Granulocyte that primary responds through bacterial infection
Neutrophils
It is a Granulocyte that contains a reddish granules / Bilobed nucleus
Eosinophils
It is a Granulocyte that responds to parasitic infections
Eosinophils
ASH Parasites
Ascaris
Strongyloides
Hookworm
It is a Granulocyte with Blue-black granules
Basophils
It is a Granulocyte that is responsible for allergic reactions
Basophils
It is an Agranulocyte that is responsible for viral infection. Also, the largest NC ratio in the WBC maturation.
Lymphocytes
Humoral-mediated immunity
B-cell
Cell-mediated immunity
T-cell
Responsible for tumor or cancer cells
Natural Killer (NK) Cell
It is an Agranulocyte and is the largest cell to appear in the Peripheral Blood Smear. Also, responsible for phagocytosis or destruction of your agent RBC
Monocytes
A cell found in the Liver
Kupffer cells
Kupffer cells
A cell found in the Lung
Alveolar macrophage or Dust Cells
A cell found in the Brain
Microglial cells
A cell found in the skin
Langerhans cells
A cell found in the spleen
Splenic macrophage
A cell found in the connective tissue
Histiocytes
A cell found in the bone
Osteoclast
A cell found in the Synovium
Type A Cells
A cell found in the placenta
Hofbauer cells
A cell found in the kindey
Mesangial cells
A cell found in the lymph nodes
Littoral cells
Bone marrow is responsible for the release of what cells?
Progenitor cells (B-cells or immature cells)
3 layers of Lymph Nodes
- Outer layer - Cortex (where B-cell resides)
- Inner layer - Paracortex (where T-cell resides)
- Innermost layer - Medulla (where Plasma Cell resides)
Maturation site of progenitor T-cell happens in ________
Thymus
Helper T-cell
CD4
((Hel4 T-cell))
Cytotoxic / Suppressor Cells
CD8
((The S in Suppressor looks like 8))
Neoplastic cells that develops INSIDE the Lymph nodes
Nodal Lymphoma
Neoplastic cells that develops OUTSIDE the Lymph nodes
Extranodal Lymphoma
Most common Non-Hodgkin’s B Lymphoma
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
It is an Indolent or Slow growing type of Non-Hodgkin’s B Lymphoma
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
Tumor markers for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
CD5, CD10, CD30
Translocation of Chromosome 14 & 18
Follicular lymphoma
Translocation resulting in BCL 2 genes
Follicular lymphoma
Stimulates the growth and metabolism of neoplastic cells.
MYC genes
Starry sky pattern
Burkitt lymphoma
It is a highly aggressive type of Non-Hodgkin’s B Lymphoma
Burkitt lymphoma
Happens when there is a translocation of chromosome 14 & 8 produces MYC genes.
Burkitt Lymphoma
Most common Marginal zone lymphoma
Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT)
Soccer ball appearance with hairy cytoplasmic structure.
Hairy cell lymphoma
Cytochemical stain used for Hairy Cell Lymphoma
(TRAP) Tartrate Resistance Acid Phosphatase
HCL (Positive); Pearl Prussian blue.
The Adult T-cell Lymphoma is a type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that is caused by what virus?
(HTLV) Human T Lymphotropic Virus
Cells seen in Mycosis Fungoides
Sezary cells
Laboratory detection on Lymphoma
- TRAP stain
- CT scan
- Chemotherapy treatment.
Lymph nodes that are abnormal in size (e.g., greater than 1 cm) or consistency.
Lymphadenopathy
T cell lymphoma of the skin
Mycosis fungoides
Tumor markers for Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
CD20 and CD15
Classical Hodkin’s Lymphoma bone marrow stains
- Wright’s stain
- Perl Prussian blue
- H & E stain.
Classical Hodkin’s Lymphoma needle for collection
BM aspirate or University of Illinois
It originated from germinal centers of Lymph node.
Lymphoid neoplasm
Classical Hodgkin’s Lymophoma is exposed to what chemical?
Benzene
A Hodgkin’s Lymphoma where T-cell originates
Nodular lymphocyte predominant hodgkin’s lymphoma
Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma Tumor markers
CD20 & CD45
Transport system of Neisseria
Jembec system
In Neisseria, all are Gram (-) diplococci except _______________
Neisseria elongate
Kidney Bean-Shaped Neisseria
Neisseria gonorrhea