Clinical Considerations for Lower Limb Flashcards
Meanings of passive and active stability of hip joint?
Passive- structures that do not contract
Active- activities related to muscles
What provides passive stability of hip joint?
Bony architecture
- femoral head and acetabulum - ball and socket
Acetabular labrum – Fibrocartilaginous rim along the margin of the acetabulum
Ligaments – thickening of capsule in the hip
Is the hip joint more stable when we are sitting or standing?
Standing
Much more unstable when sat down
When does posterior hip dislocation typically occur?
Typically occurs during traumatic event when the hip is in a flexed, adducted and medially rotated position
What nerve may be affected by posterior hip dislocation? Why would this be clinically important?
Sciatic nerve
Supplies large amount of leg
What is trendelbergs sign?
Inferior movement (‘dropping’) of the contralateral hip when standing on one leg.
Due to dysfunctional hip abduction caused by muscle weakness or paralysis.
What is gait?
cyclic movement of walking or running
Swelling of what muscle could affect nerves in the gluteal region?
Piriformis
What artery is the primary blood supply to the head of the femur?
Medial circumflex artery
Why is the lateral collateral ligament thinner than the medial collateral ligament?
Already have the IT band
Describe valgus and varus deformities of the knee?
Valgus deformity- medial side getting stretched, lateral side getting compressed
Varus- medial side compressed, lateral side stretched
What is Maisonneurve fracture?
is a spiralfractureof the proximal third of the fibula associated with a tear of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and the interosseous membrane. There is an associatedfractureof the medial malleolus or rupture of the deep deltoid ligament.
Why do you get foot drop with damage to the common fibular nerve?
This provides the anterior and lateral compartment of the leg which dorsiflex the foot, without these muscles working the foot will fall.
