clinical aspects Flashcards
what is a dense sheath that prevents thigh muscles from bulging outward during contraction?
fascia lata- enhances effectiveness of contraction
the iliotibial tract is the thickened lateral aspect of the fascia lata which receives insertions from what?
tensor fascia lata and gluteus maximus muscles
what is the opening found in the proximal anterior aspect of the fascia lata and what passes through to reach termination at the femoral vein?
the saphenous opening for the great saphenous vein to reach the femoral vein
what symptoms do ITBS have?
stinging pain at the lateral aspect of the knee
what is a common cause of ITBS?
overuse of the gluteus maximus muscle which pulls on the iliotibial tract causing inflammation and irritation
weakness of the iliacus and psoas major muscles will result in disability of what activities?
stair climbing, walking up inclines, getting up from a sitting position
atrophy of the quadriceps muscles will result in
- difficulty extending leg against resistance
- during walking, flexion at knee joint will be strained
weakness of quadriceps can result in
abnormal patellar movements and loss of joint mobility
a cramping or spasm of the quadriceps muscle is known as a?
charley horse
an overuse injury of the common tendon of insertion of the quads or patellar ligament will result in?
jumper’s knee or patellar tendonitis
patellar reflex is carried out by tapping the patellar ligament and tests segmental innervation of?
L2, L3, L4 if leg extends, they are functioning properly
a strain of the iliopsoas is also known as a?
pulled groin (adductor strain)
which bursae separates the superior part of the gluteus muscle from the greater trochanter?
trochanteric bursae
which bursae separates the inferior part of the gluteal muscle from the ischial tuberosity?
ischial bursae
weakness of the gluteus maximus muscle will cause patients to have difficulty doing what?
getting from sitting to standing, straightening from bending, walking uphill or up stairs
when one suspects weakness or atrophy of the gluteus medius or minimus muscles you would use which test?
trendelenburg test
a positive trendelenburg test would be shown when?
the pelvis and the gluteal fold will drop on the side that the foot is raised off the ground, showing the opposite side not functioning properly
a type of abnormal locomotion due to atrophy or weakness of glut med and min is called?
gluteal or trendelenburg gait
weakness of gluteus medius and minimus will also cause what?
postural deviations
postural deviations result in a vertebral column deviating toward the side of the pelvis that is low which gives rise to?
“C” curve of the column- opening of the C toward the side where the muscle is weak
a common cause of pain in the gluteal region comes from compression of what nerve by which muscle?
sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle- also known as sciatica
lateral rotation of the femur is important for what?
controlling balance and posture
a name given to describe the tendons of insertion of semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius
pes anserinus
which injury to the lower limb is twice as common as the quad strain?
pulled hamstring or hamstring strain
what are the 4 contributing factors to a hamstring strain?
- running style
- overdeveloped quads
- biomechanical factors
- inadequate warm up and stretch
forcible flexion of the hip when the knee is extended results in?
avulsion of the ischial tuberosity
