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Pharmacology Chapter 42 > Clinical Applications + Adverse Effects > Flashcards

Clinical Applications + Adverse Effects Flashcards

1
Q

What are the clinical applications of aspirin?

A

mild to moderate pain
headache, myalgia, arthralgia
prophylaxis of stroke and MI (antiplatelet effect)

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2
Q

What are the clinical applications of NSAIDs, other than aspirin?

A 
mild to moderate pain
fever
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis
dysmenorrhea
gout
patent ductus arteriosus closure (indomethacin)
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3
Q

What is a clinical application of indomethacin?

A

closure of patent ductus arteriosus

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4
Q

What are the clinical applications of acetaminophen?

A

fever

mild to moderate pain

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5
Q

What are the clinical applications of COX-2 selective inhibitors?

A

osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, arthritis in adults, ankylosing spondylitis
primary dysmenorrhea
acute pain in adults
familial adenomatous polyposis

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6
Q

What are the clinical applications of alprostadil?

A

maintenance of patent ductus arterioles

erectile dysfunction

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7
Q

What are the clinical applications of misoprostol?

A

cytoprotective and antisecretory effects against GI ulcers in long-term NSAID therapy
abortifacient with mifepristone

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8
Q

What are the clinical applications of carboprost?

A

abortion in second trimester

postpartum hemorrhage

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9
Q

What are the clinical applications of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost?

A

ocular hypertension

open-angle glaucoma

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10
Q

What are the clinical applications of epoprostenol?

A

pulmonary hypertension

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11
Q

What are the clinical applications of thromboxane antagonists?

A

dazoxiben and primagrel inhibit thromboxane synthase; ridogrel is a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist?
advantages over aspirin are unknown
little effect on platelet aggregation

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12
Q

What are the clinical applications of zileuton?

A

asthma

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13
Q

What are the clinical applications of leukotriene receptor antagonists

A

chronic asthma
perennial allergic rhinitis
seasonal allergic rhinitis

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14
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of aspirin?

A

GI ulcer, bleeding, Reye’s syndrome, asthma exacerbation, bronchospasm, angioedema
GI disturbances, tinnitus

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15
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of NSAIDs, other than aspirin?

A

GI hemorrhage, ulceration, perforation, nephrotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome pseudoporphyria (naproxen)
GI disturbances, tinnitus

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16
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of acetaminophen?

A

hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity (rare)

rash, hypothermia

17
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of celecoxib?

A

MI, ischemic stroke, heart failure, GI bleeding, ulceration, perforation, renal papillary necrosis, exacerbation of asthma
GI disturbances, peripheral edema

18
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of alprostadil?

A

Heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and conduction defects, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), disorders of bone development, seizure, priapism, apnea in newborn
hypotension, penile fibrosis, penile dyscomfort

19
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of misoprostol?

A

rare anemia, rare cardiac arrhythmia

GI disturbances

20
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of carboprost?

A

dystonia, pulmonary edema

GI disturbances with prevalent diarrhea, headache, paresthesia, fever, breast tenderness

21
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost?

A

macular retinal edema

blurred vision, hyper pigmentation of eyelid, iris pigmentation

22
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of epoprostenol?

A

suptraventricular tachycardia, hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia

hypotension, rash, GI disturbance, musculoskeletal pain, paresthesia, anxiety, influenza-like illness

23
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of zileuton?

A

increased liver enzymes

urticaria, abdominal discomfort, dizziness, insomnia

24
Q

What are the serious and common adverse effects of leukotriene receptor antagonists?

A

allergic granulomatosis angiitis, hepatitis

GI distress, hallucinations, agitation

Pharmacology Chapter 42 (4 decks)

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