Clinical applications

Question 1

Hydrocephalus is characterized by _________, Caused by ______________, and treated by __________

Answer 1

Cause: Blockage of arachnoid villi
Symptoms: Fluid in ventricles, causing a swelling of head in kids.
Treatment: Shunt the ventricles/sinus to jugular vein, protonium, or atria.

Question 2

Parkinson’s: Symptoms/Cause/Treatment

Answer 2

Cause: Unknown, but results in degeneration in dopamine producing neurons of the substania nigra that regulate basal nuclei

Symptoms: Stiffness/Rigidity, Intense muscle tone (Shaking, tremors etc. )

Treatment: L-Dopa, fetal tissue implants, tropic factors etc.

Question 3

MS: Symptoms/Causes/Treatments

Answer 3

Symptoms: Muscular weakness, loss or neutral eyesight, peripheral peristalsis, progressive loss of function.

Causes: Genetic/Virus?

Treatment: Drug intervention

Question 4

Alzheimer’s disease: Symptoms/Causes/treatments/Testing

Answer 4

Symptoms: Loss of memory, confusion, personality change, dementia.

Causes: Unknown, but may be due to a shortage of acetylcholine, from inadequate ach production.

Treatment: N/A

Testing: Mini-mental, Clock draw, animal fluency test, and autopsy.