Clinical application of antimicrobials

Question 1

What is the choice of antibiotic dependent on

Answer 1

• severity
• likely cause of the pathogen
• site of infection
• patient specific characteristics
• local guidelines

Question 2

What does post-antibiotic effect mean

Answer 2

• the ability of an antibacterial to continue growth suppression after exposure to an agent
• longer PAE = greater cell death or growth inhibition after drug is stopped

Question 3

What is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)

Answer 3

• conc that inhibits visible bacteria growth at 24 hrs in specific media, temp, and CO2 conc

Question 4

What is the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)

Answer 4

• conc of a drug that results in 1000-fold reduction in bacterial density at 24hrs of growth in specific media, temp and CO2 conc

Question 5

What antibiotics are CYP inducers

Answer 5

• rifampicin

- rifabutin

Question 6

What antibiotics are CYP inhibitors

Answer 6

macrolides

fluoroquinolone

metronidazole

sulfanamide

Question 7

What drugs cause nephrotoxicity due to accumulation

Answer 7

• Gentamicin

- Vancomycin