Blood tests interpretation Flashcards
What drugs can lead to hyponatraemia
- diuretics
- SSRIS
- antipsychotics
- anticonvulsants
- chemotherapeutic agents
What drugs can lead to hypernatraemia
- dehyrdation
- diuretics
- androgens
- steriods
what does increased urea indicate
- dehydration
- concurrent infection
- gastric blood loss
What does decreased urea mean
- oedema
- low protein diet
- decreased liver function
- chronic nutritional status
What drugs can cause hyperkalaemia (high potassium)
- NSAIDs
- Trimethroprim
- Spironolactone
- ACE inhibitor
- Digoxin
What drugs can cause hypokalaemia (low potassium)
- Diuretics
- laxatives
- steriods
- diarrhoea and vomiting
What is microcytic anaemia
Low red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin, haematocrit, and mean cell volume (MCV)
-mainly low MCV is the characteristics
What is normocytic anaemia
-low red blood cell count and haemoglobin
BUT
-normal MCV
What is macrocytic anaemia
-Low haemoglobin and RBC
and
-increase MCV
What does low and high levels of albumin indicate
- Low: malnutrition
- High: acute infections
What does low and high levels of ALP indicate
- Low: zinc or magnesium deficiency
- High: damage to liver
What does low and high levels of ALT indicate
- Low: chronic kidney damage and vitamin b6 deficiency
- High: liver damage
What does low and high levels of GGT indicate
-High: liver damage
What does low and high levels of phosphate indicate
- High: kidney damage, CKD
- Low: alcoholism and malnutrition
What does low and high levels of total protein indicate
- Low: liver or kidney problems
- High: chronic inflammation or infection or dehydration
