Clinical Anatomy of the Upper Limb Flashcards
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
Ball and socket synovial
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
Plane synovial
What are the static stabilisers of the joints of the shoulder girdle?
Joint capsule and labrum
What are the dynamic stabilisers of the joints of the shoulder girdle?
Rotator cuff, deltoid and other surrounding muscles
Displacement of the shoulder joint is more likely if what structure is ruptured?
Coracoclavicular ligaments
The coracoclavicular ligaments are most likely to be ruptured when?
AC joint dislocation or clavicle fracture
Due to altered biomechanics, chronic rotator cuff insufficiency can lead to what?
Glenohumeral joint OA
The shoulder can be subject to primary OA of which joints?
Glenohumeral and AC
Where does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?
Anterior compartment of arm, and sensation to the lateral forearm
The radial nerve is susceptible to damage in what injury?
Humeral mid-shaft fractures
Damage to what nerve causes wrist drop?
Radial nerve (extensor muscles!!)
The aconeus muscle is said to be in what compartment of the arm?
Posterior
How many joints is the elbow made up of? What are they known as?
2: humero-ulnar and radio-capitellar
What is the articulation in the humero-ulnar joint?
Trochlea of humerus and olecranon process of ulna
What is the articulation in the radio-capitellar joint?
Capitulum of humerus and head of radius
What movements does the radio-capitellar joint allow? Along with what other joints?
Pronation and supination along with the proximal and distal radioulnar joints
The extensor origin of the elbow comes from where? This is the site of what condition?
Lateral epicondyle- Tennis elbow
The flexor origin of the elbow comes from where? This is the site of what condition?
Medial epicondyle- Golfer’s elbow
A supracondylar fracture is very common in young children. This injury predisposes to damage to what structures?
Brachial artery occlusion and median nerve damage
The pisiform bone is within what?
A tendon
What nerve is affected in carpal tunnel?
Median nerve
What is Dupuytren’s contracture?
Thickening of the palmar fascia
Infection in the flexor tendon sheaths is what?
An emergency
In what condition will you hear a click as you snap the finger straight?
Trigger finger
