Clinical Flashcards
Cognitive dissonance theory
Predicts that people will change their attitudes in order to relieve tension when the enviro is not in accordance with original attitude
Ridley’s African American clients.
African Americans who experience paranoia bc of past experience with racism are defined according to cultural and functional paranoia.
When high on both, therapist characteristics are important - called confluent paranoiac - and nondisclosure in tax due to mix of pathology and racism. Would do better with same race therapist
Fundamental attribution bias
People tend to attribute the bc of others to dispositions or internal factors.
People will attribute their own bx to situational or external factors. Aka the actor- observer effect
Exception: self serving bias- attribute own bx to internal factors when bx is positive.
Crowds
Crowds experienced as less uncomfortable or stressful when in attention grabbing, arousing situations as compared to unarousing, uninteresting situations.
Smoking cessation.
Combined tx are most effecting for smoking especially for long term sx
Marlatt and Gordon’s relapse prevention model
Social leaning approach. Combo of bx and cog principles. Relapse in this model is faire to maintain change after tx. Best avoided by identifying and dealing with antecedents. Most common antecedent is negative affect.
Inoculation McGuire.
A person’s opinion is less susceptible to persuasion when the person has previously been exposed to the persuasive argument and refutations against the argument.
Gestalt
Focus on the here and now rather than past (vs psychodynamic).
Not likely to encourage transference.
Helps pt come to senses by enabling to see discrepancy between transference fantasy and reality.
High context communication vs low context communication.
African Americans and other minorities prefer high context communication: rely more on body language and non verbal cues
Whites low context - rely on verbal messages.
Healthy paranoia
Ridley recommends white therapists confront the meaning of the clients paranoia by bringing ct feelings into conscious awareness and help clarify when appropriate or inappropriate to self disclose.
