Clinical Flashcards
1
Q
What causes orthopnea?
A
Increased venous return in recumbent position
- Rapid redistribution of central intravascular volume
- Underlying cardiac decompensation or CHF
- Pulm disease - increased secretions
2
Q
What causes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
A
Increase central intravascular volume due to slow mobilization of fluids
- Edema
3
Q
What causes hyperresonance on chest percussion?
A
Extra air in pleural cavity.
- Pneumothorax
4
Q
What causes hyporesonance on chest percussion?
A
Fluid in pleural cavity or lung consolidation.
- Pleural effusion
- Hemothorax
- Lung CA
- TB
5
Q
What causes decreased vocal/tactile fremitus?
A
Air or fluid in pleural space
6
Q
What causes increased vocal/tactile fremitus?
A
Consolidation of lung tissue
7
Q
What is inspiratory stridor?
What causes it?
A
Disproportionate difficulty with inspiration
High pitched prolonged gasping sound with inspiration
Upper airway obstruction
- foreign bodies
- edema (ex. with anaphylaxis)
- tumour
- stenosis
