ClinCorr #3

Question 1

What is the stance phase?

Answer 1

when the leg is bearing weight

Question 2

What is the swing phase?

Answer 2

when the leg advances but does not bear weight

Question 3

What muscles contract during the stance phase?

Answer 3

Extensors:

gluteus maximus
quadriceps
plantar flexors

Question 4

What muscles contract during the swing phase?

Answer 4

Flexors:

iliopsoas
hamstrings
tibialis and toe extensors

Question 5

What muscles keep the hip from tilting on the non-weightbearing leg?

Answer 5

gluteus medius and minnimus

Question 6

What is the Trendelburg gait?

Answer 6

when you walk and the hip opposite to the affected gluteus medius/minnimus drops while the person leans to the opposite side to compensate for the drop

Question 7

What causes abnormal gaits?

Answer 7

pain, immobile joints, muscle weakness, abnormal limb control

Question 8

T or F: symmetry is one of the most important signs to find a cause

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What classifies a unilateral painful gait?

Answer 9

you try to bear weight on the non-painful leg for longer

Question 10

What is another name for a unilateral gait?

Answer 10

Antalgic gait

Question 11

If there is pain over the greater trochanter, what might be the cause?

Answer 11

bursitis

Question 12

What does abnormal/pain abduction of the hip and internal rotation indicate?

Answer 12

early hip pathology

Question 13

What are the two types of hip fractures?

Answer 13

Intracapsular and extracapsular

Question 14

What are the two types of intracapuslar fractures?

Answer 14

displaced - bad prognosis

undisplaced - less likely that blood supply has been damaged

Question 15

How do you tell a female pelvis from a male pelvis?

Answer 15

a female pelvis has less of an acute angle at the symphysis

it also has broader edges

Question 16

T or F: the spine of the ishium is posterior

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What artery is an intracapsular fracture likely to affect?

Answer 17

medial circumflex femoral

Causes avascular necrosis when it is severed

Question 18

What is a hemiarthroplasty?

Answer 18

replaces femoral neck but no the acetabulum

Question 19

What are the 30 day and 1 year hip surgery mortality rates?

Answer 19

10%, 30%

Question 20

Where are malignant areas in the femur typically?

Answer 20

below the trochanter

Question 21

What nerve structure is often injured with a posterior dislocation?

Answer 21

sciatic N.

Question 22

What clinical sign indicates hip fracture?

Answer 22

shortened limb, external rotation

Question 23

What clinical sign indicates hip dislocation?

Answer 23

medial rotation, shortened limb

Question 24

Where can the femoral artery be palpate?

Answer 24

below inguinal ligament

Question 25

What sound when listening to femoral artery indicates turbulent flow in arteries?

Answer 25

Bruit (whooshing) sound

Note: normal flow is inaudible

Question 26

When are lymph nodes in the femoral triangle palpable?

Answer 26

often: all that’s needed is a minor injury or infection