Clincal Psychology Flashcards
When was the ICD manual published
January 2022
How many ICD manuals were there
11
What type of disorders does the ICD include
Mental and physical
Who was the ICD published by
W.H.O
World health organisation
What are 3 advantages of ICD
Free availability
Used globally
Multilingual
Why is the ICD available in different forms
For different cultures to acsess
What code does the ICD always start with
Code F which are subcategorised
What is the guidance on diagnosis for ICD
Clinicians select key words relating on symptoms from clinical interviews
Look up words on index to mid the section
Use other symptoms to find the subcategory
What is the biological treatment for SZ
Drug therapy - typical and atypical antipsychotics
What are typical antipsychotics
1st gen drugs
Introduced in 1950s
What do typical antipsychotics do
Blocks dopamine receptors to reduce positive symptoms and unwanted side effects
What is an example of typical antipsychotic drug
Chlorpromazine
What are atypical antipsychotics
2nd gen
Introduced in 1960s
What do atypical antipsychotics do
Block dopamine and other neurotransmitters like serotonin
Reduces both positive and negative symptoms and side effects
Binds loosely to receptors
What is an example of atypical antipsychotics
Clozapine which weakens immune system
What theory is the non biological explanation of SZ
Social causation
What are the 4 explanations for social causation
Social isolation
Social adversity
Immigrants and minority status
Urbanicity
What is social adversity
Hardship and challenges of situations
Can be due to poverty, unemployment and overcrowding
Can be physical, emotional, social and intellectual
What is urbanicity
Living in city
Can cause SZ due to -
Overcrowding - access to healthcare can be hard so treatment can be hard to receive,greater risk of developing SZ
Pollution - noise, light and vehicle can cause disturb to sleep quality
Crime rate - being the victim, fear
What is immigration and Minority status
1st and 2nd gen are at a greater risk of SZ
Isolation and loneliness
Language barrier
Prejudice discrimination and racism
Cultural differences
What is social isolation
Withdrawing self from society
Lack of feedback about behaviour eg dysfunctional
Lack of social skills bringing low mood
What is the aim of the practical investigation
To use content analysis to see if there is a difference in the language used by broadcast and tabloid newspapers in reporting health issues
What was the tabloid used
Daily mail
What was the broadcast used
The guardian
What are 4 strengths of the practical investigation
- Qualities data was turned into quantities data, therefore analysis was easier and putting into groups was easier
- Multiple researchers can categorise data, increases inter rater reliability as it was checked constantly, therefore reduces bias
- Data was collecting from pre existing sources, few ethical issues involved, therefore no deceit and informed consent want necessary
- 2 sources were used (daily mail guardian) which represents a large range of political views large readership in the uk, therefore research into their use of neutral and negative words by the media is credible
What are 4 weaknesses of the practical investigation
- Requires interpretation of data, words can be hard to categorise, therefore reduces scientific status of method as its subjective and lowers validity
- Categories can be set up which don’t represent what is being studied, therefore results are to valid
- Turning qualitative data into quantitive, detail is lost therefore lowers validity of results
- Many newspapers from the uk have not been analysed which lowers credibility (the sun, the times), so the 2 used may not accurately represent the use of Neutral and negative words by the media
