Clincal Disorders-GI Bleeding Flashcards
For a patient admitted to the ICU, what should immediately be places
Two large bore (18 gauge or larger) IV lines
What is given to patients with a bleeding varices
FFP/platelets
Vitamin K IV
What are the most common caused of acute lower GI bleed in patients under 40
Neoplasms, Crohn’s disease, celiac, and Meckels
What is the method of diagnosis for an acute lower GI bleed
Colonoscopy
If hypertension is present with a ulcer proliferation, which other conditions need to be looked at
- Ruptured aortic aneurysms
- Mesenteric infarction
- Acute pancreatitis
Which side is more common for ovarian torsion
Right side because of increased length of utero-ovarian ligament, with the left having the sigmoid colon present to restrict movement
What are the factors that can increase the risk for an ectopic pregnancy
History of infertility, PID, ruptured appendix, and tubal surgery
What is the most common cause of lower GI bleeds
Diverticulosis
What is the treatment for someone with ulcer perforation
- Laproscopic perforation closure
- Nasogastic suction, PPI, broad spectrum antibiotics
What drugs are given to patients with a bleeding varices
Third gen cephalosporin
Fluoroquinolones
-Somatostatin and octreotide (vasoconstrictors)
What is a dieulafoy lesion
Large caliber submucosal artery
What is gastric outlet syndrome
Edmena or narrowing of the pyloric or duodenal bulb, commonly now seen with an intraabdominal neoplasm
What are the characteristics of symptoms for ischemic colitis
Crappy abdominal pain, followed by bloody diarrhea
What is the telangiectasias
Small cherry red lesions cause by dilation of venules
What are some of the things that can bring on ischemia colitis
-Long distance running, vasculitis, CAD, estrogen therapy
What is the diagnosis for liver penetration
Endoscopy confirms ulceration and abdominal CT shows penetration
What is occult GI bleeding
Bleeding in the feces that is no apparent to the patient
What age group of boys typically presents with the testicular torsion
12-18
In the case of ulcer proliferation, what are present for the diagnosis
Leukocytosis
Mild elevation of amylase
Abdominal CT
What conditions are seen to have large numbers of telangiectasias
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia aka Osler Weber Rendu or CREST
What is the most common cause of maternal death during the first trimester
Undetected ectopic pregnancy
What is the treatment for a patient with an upper GI bleed
IV or oral PPI
Octreotide (reduces blood flow)
In patients with iron deficiency anemia should be evaluated for which possible conditions
Celiac disease with a IgA anti-TTG or biopsy
What is given to patients with history of bleeding varices in order lower risk of rebleeding
Beta blockers
