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Cardio Quiz Bowl > Clincal Asessment Of HF Patients > Flashcards

Clincal Asessment Of HF Patients Flashcards

1
Q

Type of dyspnea occuring in recumbency at the left side?

A

Trepopnea

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2
Q

ACC/AHA staging of HF

A

B

C

D

A

A - high risk but no structural problem/ HF symptoms

B - structural heart disease, but no symptom

C - structural heart disease plus previous or current symptom

D - Refractory HF requiring specialised interventions

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3
Q

PE findings in HF patients indicative of a more severe disease?

A

Narrow pulse pressure or thready pulse
Pulsus alternans
Cool/mottled extremities
Anasarca

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4
Q

Most sensitive history or PE finding that would lead you to suspect heart failure?

Least sensitive?

A

Most sensitive - orthopnea (requiring >/= to 2 pillows)

Least sensitive - JVP <8

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5
Q

Most specific PE finding for HF?

A

Hepatomegaly - more than 4 fingerbreadths beyond coastal margin

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6
Q

True or false

“No physical finding is pathognomonic for HFpEF or HFrEF”

A

True

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7
Q

Shoulder pad sign is a physical finding often found in?

A

Amyloidosis

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8
Q

Valvular disorder found in HF patients located at the left parasternal border and presents with prominent v waves

A

Tricuspid regurg

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9
Q

Superimposition of the third and fourth heart sound

A

Summation gallop

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10
Q

This heart sound corresponds to ventricular stiffening

A

4th heart sound

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11
Q

The most definitive method to assess the patients volume status by PE

A

JVP

Elevation indicates left sided filling pressure

70% sensitive 79% specific

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12
Q

How many percent of unitlateral effusion occur on the left side of HF patients

A

10%

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13
Q

Of the clinical signs suggesting reduced Cardiac output. Which among the them is the most useful?

Poor mentation
Reduced UO
Mottled skin
Cool extremities

A

Cool extremities is most useful

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14
Q

Most common congestion/perfusion combination found in decompensated HF

A

Wet and warm

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15
Q

Congestion/perfusion combination in cardiogenic shock

A

Wet and cold

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16
Q

Classic chest radiogrphic findings of patients with pulmonary edema

A

Butterfly pattern

17
Q

Horizontal linear opacities extending to the pleural space caused by accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space?

A

Kerley B lines

18
Q

This finding on radiograph indicates venous hypertension?

A

Peribronchial cuffing

19
Q

Conditions with increased JVP but normal LVEDP

A

Severe TR
Isolated RV failure
Severe pulmonary Hpn

20
Q

Stages of pulmonary congestion

A

1 venous hypertension - PCWP >13

2 interstitial edema - PCWP > 18

3 alveolar edema - PCWP >25

21
Q

LOW QRS voltatge on ECG suggests?

A

Infiltrative disease

Pericaridial effusion

22
Q

Leading cause of ADHF?

A

Acute coronary ischemia

23
Q

This electrolyte abnormality is associated with worsening HF or poor prognosis

A

Hyponatremia

24
Q

This diagnostic modality is a class I indication for HF

A

BNP and NT - pro BNP

ANP released by atrium
BNP released by “B”entircles

25
Q

Biomarkers BNP and NT-BNP are elevated more on HFrEF than HFpEF

A

True

26
Q

Cut off value to exclude AHF based on
BNP
NTBNP

A

BNP <30-50

NTBNP <300

27
Q

Cut off to diagnose AHF
BNP
NTBNP

A

BNP >/= to 100

NTBNP >/= to 900

28
Q

NTPBNP cut off based on age

<50
50-75
>75

A

<50 - 450
50-75- 900
>75 - 1800

29
Q

target BNP decrease in percent?

A

30% decrease

30
Q

Half life on BNP

Half life of PBNP

A

BNP - 20 minutes

NTPBNP - 90

31
Q

An interleukin marker for myocardial fibrosis?

A

ST2

Galectin 3 - released by macrophages

32
Q

Imaging modalities and info gathered

Best for:

Anatomy

Function

Tissue metabolism

AOTA

A

Anatomy - CT-scacn
Function - echo
Tissue metabolism Nuclear scan PET
AOTA MRI

33
Q

Indicative of infiltrative disease?

A

Concentric LVH with no HPN, with biatrial enlargement

34
Q

Hallmark finding of ischemic cardio myopathy on imaging?

A

Note of subendocardial enhancement since this area is most prone to ischemia

Cardio Quiz Bowl (6 decks)

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