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Clinical Neuroscience > Clin Neuro > Flashcards

Clin Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

muscle weakness increases with activity and decreases with rest

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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2
Q

initial symptom of MG

A

ptosis or diplopoia

curtain gaze

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3
Q

relieved by ice pack

A

MG

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4
Q

decreased Ach receptors

A

MG (post synaptic)

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5
Q

MG may be related to which organ tumor

A

Thymic tumor

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6
Q

diagnostic exams for MG

A

Edeophonium (mestinon)- (+) immediately improves

Neostigmine

Single fiber EMG -most sensitive!! (+) increase jitter

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7
Q

Treatment for MG

A

since pathophy is dec. Ach Receptors, gusto natin nandun lang si Ach so we may give Cholinesterase inhibitors pyrostigmine (mestinon) ang neostigmine

for ocular: Pyridostigmine + steroids

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8
Q

NMJ Paraneoplastic

A

Lamber Eaton

Small Cell CA

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9
Q

NMJ improves with brief exercise

A

Lambert Eaton

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10
Q

Reduced Ca channels in presynaptic channels

A

Lamber Eaton (presynaptic)

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11
Q

most specific exam for lamber eaton

A

Repetitive Nerve stimulation

(+): increment or decrement 5hz

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12
Q

treatment of lambert eaton

A

3,4 DAP

Blocks K channels prolonging depolarization and enhancing release ach vesicles

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13
Q

Neuropathy

Most common cause of acute paralysis

A

GBS

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14
Q

PE of GBS

A

sensory loss
arreflexia
ascending paralysis
autonomic disturbances

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15
Q

ECG FINDINGS OF GBS

A

reduction in amplituted if muscle AP

Slowed conduction velocity and conduction block in motor nerves

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16
Q

CSF EXAM IN GBS

A

acelluler or few lympho

INCREASE CAF PROTEIN (CYTOALBUMINOLOGIC DISSOCIATION)

17
Q

patho findings GBS

A

perivascular or perivenous lymphocytic infiltrates

18
Q

anterior corticospinal

A

MOTOR
decussates as lower medulla (lateral corticospinal)
decussates as SC (ACS)

19
Q

Tract of Lissauer

A

Ant and Lateral spinothalamic tracts

20
Q

Anterior spinothalamic

A

Crude touch

Jesus held his hands anteriorly for people to touch

21
Q

Lateral Spinothalamic

A

pain and temp

Jesus hands were placed laterally when crucified

22
Q

Posterior column or Dorsal column medial lemniscus

A 
Fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus 
Fine touch
Propioception
Vibration
two point discrimination
23
Q

SC injury in the cervical area

A 
Central Cord Syndrome
“walking quadriplegics”
UE> LE 
remember arrangment of fiber in spinothalamic tract: Cervical (medial) thoracic, lumbar, sacral
MOI: hyperextension of the neck
24
Q

Contralateral: loss of touch, pain and temp
Ipsilateral: Weakness

A

Anterior cord Syndrome

25
Q

Stab wound or gunwound

hemisection of SC

A

brown sequard

26
Q

ipsilateral weakness and position sense loss

contralateral loss of touch, pain and sensation

A

brown sequard

-ung sa ipsilateral merong addtl position loss dahil posterior column natamaan

27
Q

reflex to check in complete SC injury

A

bulbocavernous

28
Q

C1-4 SC injury

what to watch out for?

A

Pulmonary problem

29
Q

SCI DRUGS first line

A

Baclofen

30
Q

D2 typical antagonists

A

Phenothiazines: Chlorpromazine
Butyrophenones: Haloperidol
Thaioxanthenes: Thiotixen

lower potency better since indrease affinity

potency (most to least) butyrophenone=piperazines>piperidines>thiozanthenes>aliphatic phenothiazines

31
Q

TCA

A

MOA: block NE, 5HT and D2

amitryptline, clomipramine

32
Q

SSRI

A

MOA: inhibit serotonin

Citalopram, escitalopram, Paroxetine, Fluoxetine, sertraline

33
Q

SNRI

A

Venflaxine

Dulozetine

34
Q

atypical antipsychotics

A

Quetiapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone

35
Q

NMDA

A

memantine

ketamine

36
Q

cholinesterase inhibitors

A

donepezil
rivastigmine
galantamin

37
Q

alzheimers

A

memantine NMDA inhibitor

Clinical Neuroscience (2 decks)

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