Clin MIC

Question 1

Time from ordering a test through analysis in the laboratory to the charting of the report

Answer 1

Turnaround time (TAT)

Question 2

Step by step documentation of handling and testing of legal specimens. It begins with patient identification and continues until testing is completed and results reported.

Answer 2

Chain of custody (chain of evidence)

Question 3

Impermeable to water

Answer 3

Ascending loop of Henle

Question 4

Highly permeable to water but poorly permeable to solutes

Answer 4

Descending loop of Henle

Question 5

11th pad in the reagent strip: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Answer 5

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Question 6

Differentiates hemoglobin from myoglobin:

Answer 6

Blondheim’s test (ammonium sulfate ppt. hemoglobin)

Question 7

Cabbage odor urine

Answer 7

Methionine malabsorption

Question 8

Bence Jones protein precipitates/coagulates at

Answer 8

40 to 60C

Question 9

Bence Jones protein dissolved at

Answer 9

100C

Question 10

Significant value of albumin excretion rate (AER):

Answer 10

20 to 200 µg/min

Question 11

RBCs in hypotonic urine:

Answer 11

ghost cells

Question 12

WBCs in hypotonic urine:

Answer 12

glitter cells

Question 13

Lipid-containing RTE cells:

Answer 13

oval fat bodies (in lipiduria – nephrotic syndrome)

Question 14

RTE cells with nonlipid-containing vacuoles:

Answer 14

bubble cells (in acute tubular necrosis)

Question 15

Lemon-shaped crystal:

Answer 15

Uric acid

Question 16

Ethylene glycol poisoning:

Answer 16

Monohydrate oxalate (oval or dumbbell)

Question 17

Apatite:

Answer 17

Calcium phosphate

Question 18

Apatite:

Answer 18

Calcium phosphate

Question 19

Dihydrate calcium oxalate, envelope or pyramidal

Answer 19

Weddelite

Question 20

Monohydrate calcium oxalate, oval, dumbbell

Answer 20

Whewellite

Question 21

Triple phosphate (magnesium ammonium phosphate)

Answer 21

Struvite

Question 22

Renal calculi may form in the

Answer 22

calyces and pelvis of the kidney
ureters and bladder

Question 23

Size of acrosomal cap

Answer 23

1/2 of the head and covers 2/3 of the nucleus

Question 24

Most common cause of male infertility: (hardening veins that drain the testes)

Answer 24

Varicocele

Question 25

Undiluted seminal fluid, sperms immobilized by heat:

Answer 25

Makler counting chamber

Question 26

Iodine, potassium iodide (+) Dark brown rhombic crystals

Answer 26

Florence test (for choline)

Question 27

Picric acid, trichloroacetic acid (+) Yellow leafshaped crystals

Answer 27

Barbiero’s test (for spermine)

Question 28

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) 40 U/L or greater

Answer 28

Tuberculous pleuritic

Question 29

Dark green amniotic fluid:

Answer 29

Meconium

Question 30

Dark red brown amniotic fluid:

Answer 30

Fetal death

Question 31

Inserted through the nose:

Answer 31

Levin tube

Question 32

Inserted through the mouth:

Answer 32

Rehfuss tube

Question 33

Normal stool pH:

Answer 33

pH 7 to 8

Question 34

Stool pH in carbohydrate disorders

Answer 34

pH to below 5.5

Question 35

Calibration of centrifuge

Answer 35

Every 3 months

Question 36

Disinfection of centrifuge

Answer 36

Weekly basis

Question 37

Of all the urine sediment elements, _____ are the most difficult for students to recognize: Reasons for this include its lack of characteristic structures, variations in size, and close resemblance to other urine sediment constituents. They are frequently confused with yeast cells, oil droplets, and air bubbles

Answer 37

RBCs

Question 38

RBC CASTS ARE EASILY DETECTED

Answer 38

UNDER LPO BY THEIR ORANGE-RED COLOR

Question 39

formed by the PRECIPITATION OF URINE SOLUTES including inorganic salts, organic compounds, and medications (iatrogenic compounds): Precipitation is subject to changes in temperature (solutes precipitate more readily at low temperatures), solute concentration, and pH, which affect solubility

Answer 39

Crystals

Question 40

SYNOVIAL FLUID NORMAL CELL COUNT: Red blood cell count; white blood cell count

Answer 40

Red blood cell count <2,000 μL; white blood cell count <200 μL

Question 41

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND OSMOLALITY MEASUREMENTS REFLECT THE CONCENTRATING ABILITY OF THE KIDNEYS. After a period of dehydration, the osmolality should be __________ that of plasma.

Answer 41

three to four times

Question 42

DEGREE OF HAZARD:•

Answer 42

4: extreme hazard 3: serious hazard 2: moderate hazard 1: slight hazard 0: no or minimal hazard

Question 43

is only a rough estimate of renal function and will not show any significant level of increased concentration until the GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IS DECREASED BY AT LEAST 50%.

Answer 43

UREA

Question 44

is only a rough estimate of renal function and will not show any significant level of increased concentration until the GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IS DECREASED BY AT LEAST 50%.

Answer 44

UREA

Question 45

THE ACCEPTED “BIOHAZARD” LABEL:

Answer 45

FLUORESCENT ORANGE

Question 46

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT MUST BE GROUNDED WITH

Answer 46

THREE-PRONGED PLUGS.

Question 47

hand antisepsis with an alcohol-based hand rub

Answer 47

NOT VISIBLY SOILED HANDS

Question 48

hands should be washed with soap and water, dry with paper towel

Answer 48

VISIBLY SOILED HANDS

Question 49

ORGANIC COMPONENTS OF URINE:

Answer 49

urea, creatinine, uric acid

Question 50

INORGANIC COMPONENTS OF URINE:

Answer 50

chloride, sodium, potassium

Question 51

DYSMORPHIC RED BLOOD CELLS: indicative of

Answer 51

GLOMERULAR BLEEDING

Question 52

VALUES OF pH CAN BE ASSOCIATED WITH

Answer 52

CALCULI FORMATION pH < 5.5: uric acid, cystine, or xanthine calculi pH 5.5 to 6: calcium oxalate and apatite calculi pH > 7: magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate calculi

Question 53

Urine volume for drug testing (COC):

Answer 53

30 to 45 mL urine; 60-mL container capacity

Question 54

Urine volume for routine urinalysis:

Answer 54

10 to 15 mL urine; 50-mL container capacity

Question 55

Afternoon specimen (2 pm to 4 pm):

Answer 55

urobilinogen determination

Question 56

Renal threshold for glucose:

Answer 56

160 to 180 mg/dL

Question 57

Largest cell in the urine sediment

Answer 57

Squamous epithelial cell

Question 58

most significant epithelial cell originate from the nephron

Answer 58

Renal tubular epithelial cell

Question 59

Yellow to brownish red, moderately hard:

Answer 59

URIC ACID AND URATE STONES

Question 60

Pale and friable

Answer 60

PHOSPHATE STONES

Question 61

Very hard, dark color, rough surface

Answer 61

CALCIUM OXALATE STONES

Question 62

Yellow-brown resembling an old soap, somewhat greasy:

Answer 62

CYSTINE STONES

Question 63

formed from the granules of disintegrating EOSINOPHILS; found in sputum in asthma patients and feces in dysentery patients

Answer 63

CHARCOT-LEYDEN CRYSTALS