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Block 3: Neuro > Clin Med: Neuro III > Flashcards

Clin Med: Neuro III Flashcards

1
Q

How is epilepsy defined?

A

2 or more unprovoked seizures more than 24 hrs apart

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2
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9
Q

Non pharm tx for epilepsy

A

avoidance of triggers
- sleep deprivation
- caffeine
- fever
- alcohol

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10
Q

1st line drug for focal seizures

A
  • Carbamazepine/Oxcarbazepine
  • Lamotrigine
  • Phenytoin
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11
Q

1st line drugs for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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12
Q

1st line drug for tonic-clonic seizures

A
  • Lamictal
  • Levetiracetam
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13
Q

Define status epilepticus

A

seizure that last >5mins or multiple seizures in a row w/ incomplete recovery in b/t

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14
Q

1st line tx for status epilepticus

A

IV diazepam (or lorazepam)

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15
Q

2nd line tx for status epilepticus

A

fosphenytoin or phenytoin

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16
Q

3rd line tx for status epilepticus

A

barbiturates

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17
Q

4th line/refractory tx for status epilepticus

A

propofol

18
Q

Bact

A
19
Q
A
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q

When is a PE sign seen with a specific bacterial meningitis?

A

Meningococcal meningitis
- rash

24
Q

CT prior to lumbar puncture if:

A
  • immunocompromised
  • hx of CNS dz (such as stroke, mass lesion, focal infx)
  • papilledema
  • focal neurologic deficit
  • new onset seizure ≤ 1 wk prior to presentation
  • abnormal level of consciousness
25
Q

What is a normal ICP?

A

20 mmHg

26
Q

CSF analysis: Bacterial
Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

A

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

27
Q

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

A

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

28
Q

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

A

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

29
Q

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

A

Opening pressure:
Appearance:
Protein:
Glucose:
Gram stain:
Glucose CSF ratio:
WBC:

30
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A
31
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A
32
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A
33
Q
A
34
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A
35
Q

Empiric Tx given in bacterial meningitis to decr risk of hearing loss & mortality

A

Dexamethasone

36
Q

What else should be managed w/ bacterial meningitis?

A
  • fluid & electrolytes
  • (+/-) ICP monitoring
37
Q

Who should receive the meningococcal vaccine?

A
  • 11 & 12 yo
  • booster at 16 yo
38
Q

Which adults should receive the meningococcal vaccine?

A
  • no spleen
  • HIV
  • microbiologist
  • travel to place where it is common
  • population at incr risk
  • close courters (college military)
39
Q
A
40
Q

Prophylaxis Tx for Meningococcal meningitis

A

- Ciprofloxacin (adults only)
- Rifampin (all ages)

Block 3: Neuro (10 decks)

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