Clin Med - Endocrine Part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Endocrine glands secrete….
A
hormones that act on target cells
2
Q
Endocrine glands are controlled by…
A
negative feedback mechanisms
3
Q
Nonapeptide hormones released from pituitary gland
A
- Growth hormone
- Arginine vasopressin (ADH)
- Prolactin
- Oxytocin
- (melanocyte stimulating hormone)
3
Q
Endocrine glands hormones
A
- Parathyroid glands
- Pancreas
4
Q
Tropic hormones released by pituitary gland
A
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal cortex
- Reproductive glands
5
Q
Hormones secreted from adrenal medulla
A
- epinephrine
- norepinephrine
5
Q
Hormones secreted from adrenal cortex
A
- cortisol
- aldosterone
5
Q
Functions of cortisol
A
- Manages how your body uses CHOs, fats, and PROs
- Keepsinflammationdown
- Regulates yourBP
- Incrblood sugar(glucose)
- Controls yoursleep/wake cycle
- Boosts energy so you can handle stress & restores balance afterward
6
Q
A
7
Q
CRH triggers…
A
the pituitary gland to release ACTH
7
Q
Hypothalamus releases…
A
CRH
- corticotropin releasing hormone
8
Q
Function of ACTH
A
causes adrenal cortex to release cortisol
9
Q
Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s Dz) higher incidence of all-cause mortality form…
A
- CV dz, malignancy & infx
10
Q
Spectrum of assoc dz may be seen in adulthood:
A
- Hypogonadism
- hypothyroidism
- pernicious anemia
- alopecia
- vitiligo
- hepatitis
- malabsorption
- Sjögren syndrome
10
Q
A
11
Q
Toxic Multinodular Goiter (Plummer’s Dz) DDx
A
- Goiter
- Graves Dz
- Hashimoto Thyroiditis
- Nontoxic Goiter
- Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Riedel Thyroiditis
- Thyroid Nodule
- Thyroiditis, Subacute
11
Q
A
12
Q
A
12
Q
A
12
Q
A
13
Q
Diffuse Toxic Goiter (Graves Dz) DDx
A
- Acute hemorrhage into a thyroid cyst, nodule, or neoplasm
- Thyroiditis (early)
–> Infectious thyroiditis
–> Radiation-induced thyroiditis
–> Trauma- or palpation-induced thyroiditis
–> Riedel or fibroid thyroiditis
–> Acute suppurative thyroiditis - Toxic thyroid adenoma
- Toxic multinodular goiter
