CLIMATOLOGICAL AND HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

Question 1

huge rotating masses of low pressure characterized by strong winds and torrential rains

one of the most destructive natural hazards

Answer 1

TROPICAL CYCLONES

Question 2

Tropical cyclone formation conditions:

Answer 2

Warm enough ocean surface
Warm moist air
Coriolis effect

Question 3

CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECT ON TROPICAL CYCLONES

Answer 3

TC - more intense in the future, with significant increases in maximum peak winds

The results also show relatively small changes in track and translation speed in the future simulations

Question 4

an event occurrence of water level increasing above expected values, overtopping natural or artificial banks

most frequent disaster in Asia

Answer 4

FLOODING

Question 5

• tool for hydrologists and flood hazard managers to link the rainfalls and the peak flow discharge at a location in the basin.
• It can also provide an idea of the time needed before a flood peak arrives at a location.

Answer 5

Flood Hydrograph

Question 6

shortage of water over a prolonged period, exceeding the expected return period of precipitation and other wetting events

a creeping hazard as they come slowly and play a war game of attrition

more conditioned by the means of access to water and wealth of a community.

Answer 6

DROUGHT

Question 7

a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of the sea surface in the Pacific region due to weakened trade winds. The normal pattern of tropical precipitation is interrupted triggering extreme climate events (stimulating drought conditions)

Answer 7

El Niño

Question 8

Give 1 case study

Answer 8

TROPICAL STORM URING (
Typhoon Odette
Typhoon Ulysses
1997-1998 El Niño Event

Question 9

“aspects of climate exerted a powerful shaping influence on the physiology and psychology of individuals and races, which in turn shaped decisively the culture, organization, and behavior of the society formed by those individuals and races”

Answer 9

CLIMATIC DETERMINISM

Question 10

in a given natural environment, humans have a range of potential actions available to them, which they can deploy to overcome the natural limitations placed upon them

Answer 10

POSSIBILISM

Question 11

views humans’ activities as a complex reaction to the interactions between the natural environment and the technology being used by the social organizations located and functioning in those environments

Answer 11

PROBABILISM

Question 12

examine how human societies interact with and are influenced by the natural environment.

Answer 12

Human-environment interactions

Question 13

Advocates for: The substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health and in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons, businesses, communities and countries. It recognizes that the State has the primary role to reduce disaster risk but that responsibility should be shared with other stakeholders including local government, the private sector and other stakeholders.

Goal: Prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of integrated and inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural, educational, environmental, technological, political and institutional measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness for response and recovery, and thus strengthen resilience.

Answer 13

The Sendai Framework

Question 14

4 Priorities of Action of Sendai Framework

Answer 14

• understanding DR
• strengthening DR governance to manage DR
• investing in DRR for resilience
• enhancing D preparedness for effective response/BBB