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Environment > Climate Change Organisation > Flashcards

Climate Change Organisation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the indicators in the RRP (Prelims) Environment Ready Reckoner?

A

Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Renewable Energy, Energy use and Climate Policy.

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2
Q

What was India’s rank in the CCPI 2022?

A

India ranks 10th in CCPI, 2022.

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3
Q

What is the UNFCCC?

A

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

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4
Q

When did the Kyoto Protocol come into force?

A

The Kyoto Protocol came into force in 2005.

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5
Q

How many parties are involved in the Kyoto Protocol?

A

192 parties (Canada withdrew).

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6
Q

What does the Kyoto Protocol provide for Annex I countries?

A

It gave binding targets to Annex I countries.

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7
Q

What is the criticism of the Kyoto Protocol?

A

Under Common Differentiated Responsibility, many countries were allowed to increase pollution.

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8
Q

What is the Doha Amendment?

A

India has ratified the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol known as the Doha Amendment.

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9
Q

Is the Paris Agreement an amendment to the Kyoto Protocol?

A

No, the Paris Agreement (2015) is a separate instrument altogether.

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10
Q

What is the nature of the convention under the UNFCCC?

A

The convention is legally non-binding but makes provisions for protocols where negotiating countries can set legally binding limits.

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11
Q

What is the main aim of the UNFCCC?

A

To stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.

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12
Q

What are Annex I countries?

A

Industrialized countries and economies in transition.

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13
Q

What are Annex II countries?

A

Developed countries which pay for the costs of developing countries.

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14
Q

What gases does the Kyoto Protocol target?

A

Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (NO2), Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6).

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15
Q

What are the two groups of gases mentioned in the Kyoto Protocol?

A

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs).

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16
Q

What is the Emissions Trading Scheme?

A

It includes ‘flexible mechanisms’ which allow Annex I economies to meet their GHG targets.

17
Q

What is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)?

A

It allows financial exchanges from projects which reduce emissions in non-Annex I countries.

18
Q

What is the Joint Implementation (JI)?

A

It allows Annex I countries to meet their GHG targets in other Annex I countries.

19
Q

What can be bought and sold under the CDM?

A

Only CDM Executive Board-accredited Certified Emission Reductions (CER) can be bought and sold.

20
Q

What did the Bali Action Plan (BAP) launch?

A

A comprehensive process to enable the implementation of the Convention.

21
Q

What was the significant outcome of the Copenhagen Summit in 2009?

A

The Copenhagen Accord was produced, which included an agreement between the BASIC nations (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China).

22
Q

What was established at the Cancun Summit in 2010?

A

A large ‘Green Climate Fund’ and an ‘Adaptation Committee’ to support developing countries in mitigating GHG.

23
Q

What was adopted at the Durban Summit in 2011?

A

The ‘Durban Platform for Enhanced Action’ was adopted.

24
Q

What was approved at the Doha Summit in 2012?

A

The Governing Instrument for the Green Climate Fund and the Doha amendment to the Kyoto protocol.

25
Q

What was agreed upon at the Warsaw Summit in 2013?

A

The Warsaw Framework for REDD+ and the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage.

26
Q

What did developed countries agree to regarding emissions?

A

Developed countries agreed to ‘Quantified emission limitation’ while also encouraging developing countries to undertake emission cuts.

27
Q

What was the goal set for climate finance by 2020?

A

To raise $100 billion per year for adaptation with a governance structure.

28
Q

What did the Cancun Agreements stipulate for all Parties?

A

All Parties agreed to report their voluntary mitigation goals for implementation.

29
Q

What was the aim of the new treaty to be adopted at the 21st COP?

A

To develop a legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force, to be implemented in 2020.

30
Q

What was launched at the COP 18?

A

The second commitment period of the Kyoto protocol.

31
Q

What is the purpose of the web-based registry established under the UNFCCC?

A

To serve as a platform for developing countries to upload their Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs).

32
Q

What was agreed upon regarding contributions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions?

A

A time plan for countries to table their contributions under the new global climate agreement in 2015.

33
Q

What decisions were made to enhance implementation at the conference?

A

Decisions included enhancing climate finance, REDD+, transparency of reporting emissions, and setting up a mechanism to address losses and damage.

Environment (29 decks)

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