Climate Change Organisation Flashcards
What are the indicators in the RRP (Prelims) Environment Ready Reckoner?
Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Renewable Energy, Energy use and Climate Policy.
What was India’s rank in the CCPI 2022?
India ranks 10th in CCPI, 2022.
What is the UNFCCC?
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
When did the Kyoto Protocol come into force?
The Kyoto Protocol came into force in 2005.
How many parties are involved in the Kyoto Protocol?
192 parties (Canada withdrew).
What does the Kyoto Protocol provide for Annex I countries?
It gave binding targets to Annex I countries.
What is the criticism of the Kyoto Protocol?
Under Common Differentiated Responsibility, many countries were allowed to increase pollution.
What is the Doha Amendment?
India has ratified the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol known as the Doha Amendment.
Is the Paris Agreement an amendment to the Kyoto Protocol?
No, the Paris Agreement (2015) is a separate instrument altogether.
What is the nature of the convention under the UNFCCC?
The convention is legally non-binding but makes provisions for protocols where negotiating countries can set legally binding limits.
What is the main aim of the UNFCCC?
To stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.
What are Annex I countries?
Industrialized countries and economies in transition.
What are Annex II countries?
Developed countries which pay for the costs of developing countries.
What gases does the Kyoto Protocol target?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (NO2), Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6).
What are the two groups of gases mentioned in the Kyoto Protocol?
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs).
What is the Emissions Trading Scheme?
It includes ‘flexible mechanisms’ which allow Annex I economies to meet their GHG targets.
What is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)?
It allows financial exchanges from projects which reduce emissions in non-Annex I countries.
What is the Joint Implementation (JI)?
It allows Annex I countries to meet their GHG targets in other Annex I countries.
What can be bought and sold under the CDM?
Only CDM Executive Board-accredited Certified Emission Reductions (CER) can be bought and sold.
What did the Bali Action Plan (BAP) launch?
A comprehensive process to enable the implementation of the Convention.
What was the significant outcome of the Copenhagen Summit in 2009?
The Copenhagen Accord was produced, which included an agreement between the BASIC nations (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China).
What was established at the Cancun Summit in 2010?
A large ‘Green Climate Fund’ and an ‘Adaptation Committee’ to support developing countries in mitigating GHG.
What was adopted at the Durban Summit in 2011?
The ‘Durban Platform for Enhanced Action’ was adopted.
What was approved at the Doha Summit in 2012?
The Governing Instrument for the Green Climate Fund and the Doha amendment to the Kyoto protocol.
