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Earth Science > Climate and Global System > Flashcards

Climate and Global System Flashcards

1
Q

is the outdoor condition of the
moment

A

weather

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2
Q

occurs close to the
surface of the earth. It is what we see
and experience when we go outside

A

weather

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3
Q

tell us the predicted
temperature and the possibility of rain

A

weather forecast

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4
Q

The average of weather conditions and
patterns over time is called

A

climate

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5
Q

is the long-term average of
daily changes in weather.

A

climate

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6
Q

is the generic term for all
forms of condensation falling back to
earth like rain, snow, hail, or mist.

A

precipitation

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7
Q

graphs showing the relationship of the temperature and precipitation

A

climatograms

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8
Q

Factors of weather

A

temperature and precipitation

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9
Q

the study of the
atmosphere.

A

meteorology

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10
Q

hot air rises, cold air sinks.

A

principle of convection

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11
Q

the amount of heat absorbed by the earth’s surface in a given amount of time.

A

insolation

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12
Q

more slanted the incident rays

A

lower insolation

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13
Q

gets the most sunlight, higher rainfall.

A

tropical zone

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14
Q

Gets the least amount of sunlight

A

polar zone

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15
Q

warmest regions

A

tropic

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16
Q

coldest region

A

polar

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17
Q

The origin of dry air mass is from the land

A

continental

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18
Q

moist air mass from water

A

maritime

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19
Q

dry & cold.

A

Continental Arctic

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20
Q

dry & cold summer, dry & mild winter.

A

continental polar

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21
Q

dry & cold summer, dry & mild winter.

A

continental tropical

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22
Q

-colder & higher moisture

A

maritime polar

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23
Q

-very hot & very humid.

A

maritime tropic

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24
Q

region between 23.50 N and 23.50
S

A

tropical region/low latitude

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25
Q

have higher rainfall amounts due to the greater amounts of radiation and insolation they receive

A

tropical region/low latitude

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26
Q

from 23.50 N to 66.50 N and from 23.50 S to 66.50 S,

A

Temperate zones/mid latitude

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27
Q

formation of precipitation involves ice

A

temperate zones/mid latitude

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28
Q

extend from the North Pole to
the Arctic Circle (66.50 N latitude) and from the South Pole to the Antarctic Circle

A

Polar region/ high latitude

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29
Q

White surfaces do not absorb radiation.
Radiation reflects from white surfaces.

A

albedo effect

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30
Q

affects climate

A

distance from the equator (latitude)
distance from the ocean (continentality)
topography of the land (relief)
altitude above sea level (elevation)

31
Q

distance from the equator

32
Q

distance form the ocean

A

contenantality

33
Q

topography of the land

34
Q

usually green with vegetation.

A

windward side

35
Q

warm air rises up on the mountain

A

windward side

36
Q

air sinks on this side of the mountain

A

leeward side

37
Q

This is the rain shadow region

A

leeward side

38
Q

side gets no rain and is therefore, dry
and bare

A

leeward side

39
Q

altitude above sea level

40
Q

an area within a fluid where warm material is rising in the center and cold material is sinking at the edges

A

convection cell

41
Q

warm air rises=

A

low pressure area

42
Q

cold descending air creates belts of=

A

high pressure

43
Q

the low-latitude overturning circulations that have air rising at the equator and air sinking at roughly 30° latitude.

A

Hadley cell

44
Q

Winds that move on the surface of the
earth.

A

Coriolis Principle

45
Q

the winds seem to come from the northeast

A

northeast trade winds

46
Q

these winds seem to
blow from the southeast.

A

southeast trade winds

47
Q

60°-90°

A

high pressure belts (horse latitude)

48
Q

0°-60°

A

low pressure belts

49
Q

winds seem to blow from the west

A

westerlies

50
Q

wind in these cells moves southward; they deflect to the left and they blow as if coming from the west

A

Ferrel cell

51
Q

30 degrees to 60 degrees

A

ferrel cell

52
Q

The low pressure zone at the equator.

A

Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)

53
Q

Dry weather with sunshine.

A

High pressure

54
Q

Clouds a precipitation.

A

low pressure

55
Q

region of clear skies but with hot, humid,
slowly rising air. There is little or no wind

56
Q

two pressure belts at 30°.

A

subtropical high

57
Q

Air sinks and there is
no wind.

A

subtropical high

58
Q

It is defined as steady and persistent winds which blow on the Equatorial side of the subtropical high pressure systems in both Hemispheres.

A

tradewinds/easterlies

59
Q

are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees .

A

westerlies/anti-trade winds

60
Q

are dry, cold prevailing winds
that blow from the east; are dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the east

A

Polar easterlies

61
Q

the global patterns of air movements: tradewinds, the westerlies, and the easterlies

A

prevailing winds

62
Q

-are masses of air blowing from cold to warm region; blow from cold winter regions to hot summer regions.

63
Q

dry & cold air from siberia.

64
Q

hot & moist air from the Indian
ocean.

65
Q

salinity: dense and heavy

A

cold water

66
Q

salinity: light with lower density

A

warm water

67
Q

The world’s climates are classified according to the

A

Koppen Climate Classification System

68
Q

hot, moist biome found
near Earth’s equator.

A

Tropical Rainforest

69
Q

the driest biome with only about 50 cm of annual rainfall

70
Q

coldest of all the biomes

71
Q

found in the temperate middle latitudes, go through changes throughout the year. Seasonal leaf loss, adapted to climate change.

A

Middle Latitude Deciduous Forest (MLDF)

72
Q

Long, dark winter, high winds; the
northernmost wooded zone on
earth

73
Q

irregular warming of the ocean
surface of the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean off South America

Earth Science (3 decks)

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