Climate

Question 1

Layers of Atmosphere

Answer 1

Troposphere
- tropopause
stratosphere
- stratopause
mesosphere
- mesopause
thermosphere

Question 2

Temperature Inversions

Answer 2

• gradually gets colder in troposphere
• stays constant after troposphere until it hits the maximum ozone zone then gets gradually warmer in stratosphere
• mesosphere gets gradually colder
• thermosphere gets gradually warmer

Question 3

What does the coriolis force create?

Answer 3

Apparent deflection of air borne material to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. Strongest at poles

Question 4

How does it deflect objects in the Northern and Southern hemisphere?

Answer 4

air borne material deflected right in NH and left in SH

Question 5

Acid Deposition Forms

Answer 5

acidic dust, rain, fog, snow

Question 6

Acid Deposition effect on pH of soil

Answer 6

Acid rain makes it very difficult for the vegetation to grow, as when it dissolves into the soil the soil becomes more acidic.

Question 7

How does the greenhouse effect work

Answer 7

• As the suns energy reaches the atmosphere, it is reflected, scatter or absorbed
• some of the heat is trapped inside the atmosphere which allows it to heat the earth

Question 8

Names of greenhouse gases

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide
Methane
Nitrous oxide
hydroflourocarbons
perfolorocarbons
sulphur hexaflouride

Question 9

Greenhouse Effect on Troposphere

Answer 9

The greenhouse effect heats up the troposphere and biosphere

Question 10

Contributing pollutants to acid deposition

Answer 10

Air pollutants such as SOx and NOx can be carried by prevailing winds which can effect areas that may not already be polluted

Question 11

Tornado scale used for measurement

Answer 11

Fujita scale - F1 to F5

Question 12

Tornado basic differences from a hurricane

Answer 12

Forms over land
Forms from a wind shear which causes a vertical rotating column of air
Hurricane forms over ocean needing significant depth and breadth
Rapid uplift of warm air creates low pressure system which then creates condensation, cold dense air outside of the storm creates high pressure system. All creates rotating air and pressure gradient winds

Question 13

How does a hurricane form?

Answer 13

Hurricane forms over ocean needing significant depth and breadth
Rapid uplift of warm air creates low pressure system which then creates condensation, cold dense air outside of the storm creates high pressure system. All creates rotating air and pressure gradient winds

Question 14

How does a tornado form?

Answer 14

Forms over land. Wind shear causes a horizontal rotating column of air. Rising air within the thunderstorm tilts the rotation, causing the funnel to touch down

Question 15

Hurricane names based on ocean regions

Answer 15

Indian ocean - typhoon
Pacific - cyclone
Atlantic - hurricane

Question 16

Hurricane hazards

Answer 16

• winds
• storm surge
• heavy rain
• flooding

Question 17

What is the earths heat budget

Answer 17

To balance the heat, the earth’s “heat budget” creates a vertical and horizontal heat transfer system to distribute heat across earth.
Horizontal heat transfer: 80% of it is done through wind. 20% through ocean currents.

Question 18

Latitude of northeast trade winds

Answer 18

30 degrees, high pressure, hadley cell

Question 19

Latitude of westerlies

Answer 19

60 degrees, low pressure, ferrel cell

Question 20

Latitude of easterlies

Answer 20

60-90 degrees, polar cell