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Geography > Climate > Flashcards

Climate Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe a tropical equatorial climate

A

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2
Q

Describe a tropical monsoon climate

A

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3
Q

Describe a cool temperate climate

A

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4
Q

How does latitude affect air temperature? Give an example.

A

Example: Beijing, China compared to Singapore

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5
Q

How does altitude affect air temperature? Give an example.

A

Example: Genting Highlands

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6
Q

How does distance from sea affect air temperature? (During winter and summer) Give an example.

A

Example: Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska

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7
Q

How does type of surface affect air temperature? Give an example.

A

Example: Singapore’s CBD area compared to MacRitchie Reservoir

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8
Q

Describe the different types of land covers.

A
  1. Man-made land cover
  2. Natural land cover (clayey soil)
  3. Natural land cover (sandy soil)
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9
Q

How does temperature affect relative humidity?

A

Lower temperature - higher relative humidity
Higher temperature - lower relative humidity

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10
Q

How are clouds formed?

A

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11
Q

How is convectional rain formed? Give an example.

A

Example - frequent afternoon thunderstorms in Singapore

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12
Q

How is relief rain formed? Give an example.

A

Example - Sierra Nevada Mountain Ranges, USA

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13
Q

Explain sea breeze and land breeze.

A

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14
Q

Explain how southwest monsoon is formed.

A

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15
Q

Explain how northeast monsoon is formed.

A

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16
Q

What are the natural factors that cause climate change?

A
  1. Changes in earth’s orbit
  2. Angle of tilt
  3. Occurrence of sunspots
  4. Large-scale volcanic eruptions
17
Q

What are the anthropogenic factors that cause climate change? Support with examples.

A
  1. Burning fossil fuels
  2. Changing land use
    - deforestation
    - agriculture
    - industrialisation
    - urbanisation
18
Q

Impacts of climate change on natural systems?

A
  1. Changes in temperature
  2. Changes in ocean circulation
  3. Changes to precipitation on land
19
Q

Impacts of climate change on aquatic systems?

A
  1. Threats to coral reefs
  2. Ocean acidification
  3. Disruption to marine food webs and ecosystems
20
Q

Impacts on terrestrial systems?

A
  1. Threats to flora and fauna
  2. Changes in extreme weather
21
Q

Explain impact of heat waves. Support with example.

A

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22
Q

Explain impact of droughts. Support with example.

A

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23
Q

Explain impact of wildfires. Support with example.

A

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24
Q

Explain impacts of tropical cyclones. Support with example.

A

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25
Q

Explain impact of floods. Support with example.

A

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26
Q

Impacts on provisioning ES?

A
  1. Fish production
  2. Agriculture affected
27
Q

Impacts on regulating ES?

A

Increase in vector-born diseases

28
Q

Impacts on cultural ES?

A
  1. Melting of Arctic ice
    Degradation of natural landscapes
29
Q

What contributes to nature of hazards?

A
  1. Short-term events
  2. Long-term events
30
Q

What contributes to vulnerability?

A
  1. Poverty
  2. Lack of access to piped water (or other infrastructure/resources)
31
Q

What contributes to exposure?

A
  1. Proximity to dry environments
  2. Proximity to coastal environments
32
Q

What are the strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions?

A
  1. International Agreements & Cooperation
  2. Use of low-carbon technology
  3. Use of clean energy sources
  4. Changes in consumption patterns
33
Q

What are the strategies to enhance carbon sinks?

A
  1. Managing land use
  2. Forest regeneration
34
Q

What are limitations of strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

A

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35
Q

What are limitations of strategies to enhance carbon sinks?

A

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36
Q

What are structural approaches and their limitations?

A

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37
Q

What are technological approaches and their limitations?

A

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38
Q

What are social approaches and their limitations?

A

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39
Q

What are institutional approaches and their limitations?

A

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Geography (5 decks)

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