Climate Flashcards
Describe a tropical equatorial climate
Pg 3
Describe a tropical monsoon climate
Pg 3
Describe a cool temperate climate
Pg 3
How does latitude affect air temperature? Give an example.
Example: Beijing, China compared to Singapore
How does altitude affect air temperature? Give an example.
Example: Genting Highlands
How does distance from sea affect air temperature? (During winter and summer) Give an example.
Example: Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska
How does type of surface affect air temperature? Give an example.
Example: Singapore’s CBD area compared to MacRitchie Reservoir
Describe the different types of land covers.
- Man-made land cover
- Natural land cover (clayey soil)
- Natural land cover (sandy soil)
How does temperature affect relative humidity?
Lower temperature - higher relative humidity
Higher temperature - lower relative humidity
How are clouds formed?
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How is convectional rain formed? Give an example.
Example - frequent afternoon thunderstorms in Singapore
How is relief rain formed? Give an example.
Example - Sierra Nevada Mountain Ranges, USA
Explain sea breeze and land breeze.
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Explain how southwest monsoon is formed.
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Explain how northeast monsoon is formed.
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What are the natural factors that cause climate change?
- Changes in earth’s orbit
- Angle of tilt
- Occurrence of sunspots
- Large-scale volcanic eruptions
What are the anthropogenic factors that cause climate change? Support with examples.
- Burning fossil fuels
- Changing land use
- deforestation
- agriculture
- industrialisation
- urbanisation
Impacts of climate change on natural systems?
- Changes in temperature
- Changes in ocean circulation
- Changes to precipitation on land
Impacts of climate change on aquatic systems?
- Threats to coral reefs
- Ocean acidification
- Disruption to marine food webs and ecosystems
Impacts on terrestrial systems?
- Threats to flora and fauna
- Changes in extreme weather
Explain impact of heat waves. Support with example.
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Explain impact of droughts. Support with example.
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Explain impact of wildfires. Support with example.
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Explain impacts of tropical cyclones. Support with example.
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Explain impact of floods. Support with example.
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Impacts on provisioning ES?
- Fish production
- Agriculture affected
Impacts on regulating ES?
Increase in vector-born diseases
Impacts on cultural ES?
- Melting of Arctic ice
Degradation of natural landscapes
What contributes to nature of hazards?
- Short-term events
- Long-term events
What contributes to vulnerability?
- Poverty
- Lack of access to piped water (or other infrastructure/resources)
What contributes to exposure?
- Proximity to dry environments
- Proximity to coastal environments
What are the strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions?
- International Agreements & Cooperation
- Use of low-carbon technology
- Use of clean energy sources
- Changes in consumption patterns
What are the strategies to enhance carbon sinks?
- Managing land use
- Forest regeneration
What are limitations of strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
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What are limitations of strategies to enhance carbon sinks?
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What are structural approaches and their limitations?
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What are technological approaches and their limitations?
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What are social approaches and their limitations?
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What are institutional approaches and their limitations?
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