Climate Flashcards
climate
long term state of earth (weather/temp/extremes/averages)
elements of climate
temp/radiation/precipitation/clouds
do all places have climate
no
which areas dont have seasons
tropics
regional climate control
latitude/altitude
local climate control
topography/slope
latitude
tilt of earth ensures different areas recieve different radiation amounts (23 degrees), yearly all points of earth recieve same amounts of radiation
continentality
how climate is controlled by land/sea positions, centre of land is continental, coasts are maritime
land/ocean heating consequences
ocean takes longer to heat than land large diurnal/temp changes inland
continentality indices
not easy to measure, gorczynski (lat/temp), berg (freq of continental air masses)
where does continentality not influence
tropics
altitude
controls pressure density of atmosphere, reduces ability of air to hold heat, 3 ways to transfer energy conduction/convection/radiation
radiation increases
with altitude
mountain peak
air more important
valley
surface more important
diverging air
warm/low pressure
latitudinal bands
poles (high pressure), equator (low pressure), mid latitude (high pressure)
ITCZ
equator, migrates to give seasonality around equator
hadley cells
wet/unstable
droughts
when ITCZ doesnt move
jet stream
rossby waves (high index), meridornal (low index)
what happens when rossby waves form ox bow shapes/omega
droughts/floods
high amplitude means
greater meridornal/extreme weather
