climate

Question 1

melting of glacier and icecaps

Answer 1

impacts on wildlife
island under threat
floods of agriculture

Question 2

how is evidence collected

Answer 2

thermometer

Question 3

eccentricity

Answer 3

change in path of earth orbit
almost circle to elliptical
takes over 100,000 years

Question 4

axial tilt

Answer 4

earth times angle of 23.5•
41,500 years

Question 5

precession

Answer 5

natural wobble of earth
takes around 26,000 years to return to normality

Question 6

adaption

Answer 6

responding to changes and adjusting accordingly

Question 7

mitigation

Answer 7

reducing severity, seriousness or controlling something

Question 8

mitigation examples

Answer 8

alternative energy production
carbon capture and storage
planting trees
international agreements

Question 9

adaption examples

Answer 9

agriculture adaption
managing water supply
reducing risk of rising sea levels

Question 10

planting trees (mitigation)

Answer 10

trees act like carbon sink
remove CO2 from atmosphere
release moisture, more clouds, less solar radiation

Question 11

alternative energy production (mitigation)

Answer 11

burning of fossil fuels = 87% CO2 emissions
reduce CO2 emissions
UK aims 15% energy renewable 2020
sources = HEP, nuclear, solar, wind

Question 12

managing water supply (adaption)

Answer 12

water collected in winter and freezes
in spring, melts and provides water

Question 13

rising sea levels (adaption)

Answer 13

construction of sea walls constructed
building houses of stilts
artificial islands built to relocate

Question 14

natural greenhouse effect

Answer 14

1. sun warms earth
2. earth reflects some heat away
3. earth contains greenhouse gases
4. some heat trapped, keeping things warm to survive

Question 15

enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 15

1. heat from sun enters atmosphere
2. some reflected back into space
3. energy trapped by cases (CO2)
4. human activity = more gases, meaning more heat is trapped
5. meaning earth has got warmer

Question 16

deforestation

Answer 16

cutting down or burning of trees
20% of annual greenhouse emissions
agriculture demand for palm oil, soy, cattle and timber
trees release CO2 when cut down

Question 17

human factors contributing to greenhouse gases

Answer 17

deforestation
use of fossil fuels
agriculture

Question 18

use of fossil fuels

Answer 18

when burned, CO2 released into atmosphere
cause of global warming
coal is dirtiest fossil fuel

Question 19

agriculture

Answer 19

emits 30% of greenhouse gases emissions
40% of methane emissions

Question 20

solar and volcanic activity example

Answer 20

eruption of tambora 1815

Question 21

natural changes

Answer 21

solar activity
volcanic activity

Question 22

solar activity

Answer 22

linked to sunspots
11 year cycle, number of sunspots increase and decrease

Question 23

volcanic activity

Answer 23

eruptions should we ash and liquids into atmosphere
ash can block out sun temporarily

Question 24

recent evidence for climate change

Answer 24

rising sea level
seasonal changes
shrinking glaciers + melting ice

Question 25

rising sea level

Answer 25

sea levels rise 10, 20cm over 100 years
because of ice melting

Question 26

seasonal changes

Answer 26

birds migrate earlier, temp warming

Question 27

shrinking glacier + melting ice

Answer 27

by 2035 glaciers disappeared
sea ice thinned by 65% since 1975