Clicker Questions Flashcards
Each element has an atomic number. What does that indicate?
A. Number of neutrons
B. Number of protons
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of orbitals
B. Number of protons
What is the ONE THING we really need to know about each element to understand how molecules are built?
A. # of protons
B. # of valence electrons
C. # of unpaired valence electrons
D. Its symbol on the periodic table
C. # of unpaired valence electrons
So, if hydrogen bonds usually involve O-H or N-H groups in organic molecules, which one of the following is correct?
A. O-H * H-N
B. O-H *** N-H
C. H-O *** N-H
* The dotted line is a hydrogen bond
* The ”-” is a polar covalent bond
A. O-H ***** H-N
Which of the following is true of
hydrophobic molecules?
1. They are non-polar
2. They do not form a hydration shell
3. They dissolve in water
4. All of the above
- They do not form a hydration shell
Which of the following is NOT a
functional side group on the molecule below?
A. Phosphate
B. Carboxyl
C. Methyl
D. Hydroxyl
C. Methyl
Which of the following is true of the
phospholipid molecule shown below?
A. It is a triglyceride
B. It has a hydrophobic head
C. It has one unsaturated fatty acid
D. It looks like it is walking
A. It is a triglyceride
Proteins are polymers of “amino
acids,” which get their name
because they have:
A. An NH3 on their carbon backbone
B. A small ring structure
C. Nine carbons in their backbones
D. An HCl group that drops H+
A. An NH3 on their carbon backbone
Which one of the following best
defines “diffusion”?
A. Movement of solutes from low to high concentration
B. Movement of solutes from high to low concentration
C. Movement of water across a membrane
D. I do not know about diffusion
B. Movement of solutes from high to low concentration
Two solutions are placed in a beaker
separated by a membrane permeable to ions. Initially there is 30 mM NaCl on the left and 30 mM KCl on the right. Which of
the following will happen?
A. Na+ will move to the right
B. Cl- will move towards Na+
C. Nothing, it is at equilibrium
D. Water will move by osmosis
A. Na+ will move to the right
If a cell makes a protein to facilitate
diffusion of K+ out of the cytoplasm, what would we name that protein?
A. Transmembrane protein
B. Transport protein
C. K+ passive transport protein
D. K+ ion channel
D. K+ ion channel
Which functional group adds energy
to molecules?
A. Hydroxyl
B. Carboxyl
C. Amino
D. Phosphate
D. Phosphate
The Sucrose-H+ cotransporter below
is an example active transport. How
do we know?
A. H+ is diffusing
B. Sucrose moving to high concentration
C. It says it is a cotransporter
D. It is a symport protein
B. Sucrose moving to high concentration
Cells transport H+ into the stomach to make it acidic. Will this be passive or active transport?
A. Passive – H+ always diffuses out of cells
B. Passive – H+ is at higher concentration in cells
C. Active – H+ is at higher concentration in stomach
D. Active – H+ cannot “do diffusion”
C. Active – H+ is at higher concentration in stomach
Cells in the gut take up glucose using active transport. Which transport protein from your toolbox can they use?
A. A glucose carrier protein
B. A sodium-glucose cotransporter
C. A proton-sucrose cotransporter
D. A glucose-ATPase pump
B. A sodium-glucose cotransporter
What else do cells need in there membranes to make a sodium-glucose cotransporter work for active transport?
A. A sodium-potassium pump
B. A sodium ion channel
C. A potassium ion channel
D. A sodium-potassium pump AND a Na+ channel
E. A sodium-potassium pump AND a K+ channel
E. A sodium-potassium pump AND a K+ channel
What trick do cells use to be able to
continuously bring in molecules using passive transport, without ever reaching equilibrium?
A. They make sure there are always more outside
B. They pump them back out immediately
C. They hide the molecules in another compartment
D. They use the molecules as they are brought in
D. They use the molecules as they are brought in
Which of the following would clearly
indicate active transport is happening?
A. Solutes moving to high concentration
B. There is co-transport of Na+
C. There is no osmosis
D. A transport protein is involved
A. Solutes moving to high concentration
With proteins, how is quaternary structure different from tertiary structure?
A. Quaternary can’t change shape
B. Formation of helices instead of sheets
C. Number of polypeptides in the protein
D. 3D structure instead of 2D structure
C. Number of polypeptides in the protein
Why are we rarely going to be using
increases in kinetic energy to run
chemical reactions in living cells?
A. There is no kinetic energy in
living cells
B. Molecules don’t run into each
other in living cells
C. That equals heat and would harm
living cells
C. That equals heat and would harm
living cells
Which of the following represents a
situation with HIGH ENTROPY?
A. Hundreds of sugars connected by alpha glycosidic bonds
B. Sodium ions at equilibrium on two sides of a membrane
C. An H+ gradient across a membrane
D. A hot pizza waiting to be eaten
B. Sodium ions at equilibrium on two sides of a membrane
Which of the following represents a
situation with LOW POTENTIAL
ENERGY?
A. Hundreds of sugars connected by alpha glycosidic bonds
B. Sodium ions at equilibrium on two sides of a membrane
C. An H+ gradient across a membrane
D. A hot pizza waiting to be eaten
B. Sodium ions at equilibrium on two sides of a membrane
A negative delta G reaction is
spontaneous, and a cell can make
it proceed using an enzyme. What
do all enzymes do?
A. Reverse delta G
B. Add activation energy
C. Lower activation energy
D. Eliminate activation energy
C. Lower activation energy
Which of the following is true?
A. Malate gets oxidized; NADH gets
reduced
B. Malate gets reduced; it is charged
C. Malate gets oxidized; it lost 2 Hs
C. Malate gets oxidized; it lost 2 Hs
What is the FUNCTION of photolysis?
A. Make oxygen gas
B. Provide H+ for ETC
C. Provide new electrons for PSII
D. Acidify the thylakoid space
A. Make oxygen gas