CLI

Question 1

CLI stands for ?

Answer 1

Command Line Interface.

Question 2

” cat “ is used for ?

Answer 2

Type out or combine files.

Question 3

” head “ is used for ?

Answer 3

Show the first few lines of a file.

Question 4

” tail “ is used for ?

Answer 4

Show the last few lines of a file.

Question 5

” man “ is used for ?

Answer 5

View the documentation.

Question 6

The command is ?

Answer 6

The name of the program you are executing.

Question 7

” sudo “ is used for ?

Answer 7

Provide user with administrative privileges.

Question 8

Virtual Terminal is ?

Answer 8

Console sessions that use the entire display and keyboard outside of a graphical environment.

Question 9

Virtual Terminal is helpful when ?

Answer 9

You run into problem with the graphical desktop. You can switch to VT and troubleshoot.

Question 10

” shutdown -r “ is used for ?

Answer 10

Reboot the system.

Question 11

To reboot the system, use command ?

Answer 11

shutdown -r

Question 12

To cancel rebooting the system, use command ?

Answer 12

shutdown -c

Question 13

The schedule shutting down the system ?

Answer 13

shutdown -h HH:mm “Message”

Question 14

To locate program, use ?

Answer 14

” which “ or “ whereis “

i.e “which diff”, “whereis diff”

Question 15

Display the current working directory ?

Answer 15

pwd

Question 16

Change your current home directory ?

Answer 16

cd

Question 17

Change to parent directory ?

Answer 17

cd ..

Question 18

Change to previous directory ?

Answer 18

cd -

Question 19

An absolute pathname is ?

Answer 19

Start with the root directory and follows the tree.

Always starts with /.

Question 20

A relative pathname is ?

Answer 20

Start from the present working directory.

Never starts with /.

Question 21

Displays a tree view of the filesystem ?

Answer 21

tree or tree -d

Question 22

List all files, including hidden files and directories ?

Answer 22

ls -a

Question 23

Create hard link from two files ?

Answer 23

ln file1 file2 (with file1 already exists)

Question 24

Create soft link from two files ?

Answer 24

ln -s file1 file3 (with file1 already exists)

Question 25

View a file that is not very long, does not provide any roll-back?

Answer 25

cat

Question 26

Look at a file backward, starting from the last line ?

Answer 26

tac

Question 27

A paging program, used to view larger file ?

Answer 27

less

Question 28

Search for pattern in the forward direction with “ less “ program ?

Answer 28

less /{pattern}

Question 29

Search for pattern in the backward direction with “ less “ program ?

Answer 29

less ?{pattern}

Question 30

Print the last 10 lines of a file by default ?

Answer 30

tail

Question 31

Configure to print the last 15 lines of a file ?

Answer 31

tail -n 15

Question 32

Print the first 10 lines of a file by default ?

Answer 32

head

Question 33

Create an empty file ?

Answer 33

touch fileName

Question 34

Make a new directory ?

Answer 34

mkdir dirName

Question 35

Remove an empty directory ?

Answer 35

rmdir dirName

Question 36

Remove a file or move that file to another location ?

Answer 36

mv fileName

Question 37

Remove a file ?

Answer 37

rm fileName

Question 38

Remove a file interactively ?

Answer 38

rm -i fileName

Question 39

Remove a file forcefully ?

Answer 39

rm -f fileName

Question 40

Remove a directory forcefully ?

Answer 40

rm -rf dirName

Question 41

When commands are executed, by defaults how many file streams are there ?

Answer 41

3: stdin, stdout, stderr

Question 42

To set input to a file, which sign to use ?

Answer 42

<

$ do_something < input-file

Question 43

To set output to a file, which sign to use ?

Answer 43

>

$ do_something > output-file

Question 44

To redirect stderr to a separate file ?

Answer 44

Use stderr’s file descriptor number (2), the greater-than sign (>), followed by the name of the file you want to hold everything the running command writes to stderr:
($ do_something 2> error-file)

Question 45

To pipe the output of one command or program into another as its input ?

Answer 45

|

$ command 1 | command 2 | command 3

Question 46

To search for file ?

Answer 46

locate

$ locate zip | grep bin

Question 47

Wildcard: Matches any single character ?

Answer 47

?

ls ba?.out

Question 48

Wildcard: Matches any string of character ?

Answer 48

*

ls *.out.

Question 49

Wildcard: Matches any character in the set of characters, for example [adf] will match any occurrence of a, d, or f ?

Answer 49

[set]

Question 50

Wildcard: Matches any character not in the set of characters ?

Answer 50

[!set]

Question 51

What function / command that recurses down the filesystem tree from any particular directory (or set of directories) and locates files that match specified conditions ?

Answer 51

find

$ find /usr -name gcc

Question 52

Two most common Package Management System ?

Answer 52

Debian and RPM

Question 53

A Package Management System has … levels ?

Answer 53

2 (high level and low level)

Question 54

Example of high level package manager ?

Answer 54

dpkg (for Debian Family System)

rpm (for SUSE or Red Hat Family System)

Question 55

Example of low level package manager ?

Answer 55

apt-get (Debian Family System)
zypper (SUSE Family System)
yum (Red Hat Family System)

Question 56

What does a low level package manager do ?

Answer 56

+ Unpacking individual packages
+ Running scripts
+ Getting the software installed correctly

Question 57

What does a high level package manager do ?

Answer 57

+ Works with group of packages
+ Download packages from vendors
+ Figure out dependencies

Question 58

apt stands for ?

Answer 58

Advanced Packaging Tool

Question 59

Difference between a Console and a Terminal ?

Answer 59

The console is a terminal. A system has got one console and potentially multiple terminals. The console is typically the primary interface for managing a computer, eg while it is still booting up. A terminal is a session which can receive and send input and output for command-line programs.