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History > CLEP History > Flashcards

CLEP History Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of Enlightened Rulers

A
  • rejected absolutism and divine right
  • religious toleration and education
  • acted impulsively–change at a fast rate
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2
Q

Louis XIV represents the concept of _____

A

absolutism

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3
Q

Martin Luther’s stance on the Peasant’s War

A

He turned against the rebels and defined the authorities’ moves to put them down

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4
Q

What did the Peace of Augsburg do

A
  • Declared the Prince’s rebellion to be the official religion of a region/country
  • led to toleration of Lutheranism
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5
Q

French Protestants

A

Huguenots

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6
Q

What did the Edict of Nantes do

A

Ended the French civil war regarding Protestantism/Catholicism; reaffirms Catholicism to be the official religion in France but granted other religious freedoms

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7
Q

This French ruler was described as one who care more about his nation’s peace and prosperity than the enforcement of religious toleration

A

Henry IV

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8
Q

What led to the sailing of the Spanish Armada

A
  • Elizabeth I’s religious tolerance and executions of Mary Queen of Scots
  • Elizabeth’s assisting the Netherlands
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9
Q

Who ruled Spain at the time of Queen Elizabeth’s rule in England?

A

Philip II (very religiously intolerant)

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10
Q

What led to the defeat of the Spanish Armada

A

-England use new tactics while Spain used outdated ones

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11
Q

What sparked the 30 Years War

A

Defenestration of Prague where Protestants threw Catholic ambassadors out of a window

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12
Q

What was the 30 Years War fought over

A

originally about religion; ended up being a war against the Hapsburgs

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13
Q

French leader during the 30 Years War

A

Cardinal Richelieu who put national interests over religion (he funded Protestant groups)

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14
Q

Who won the 30 Years War

A

France (Richelieu) and Sweeden (Gustavus Adolphus)

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15
Q

Results of Treaty of Westphalia

A
  • 30 Years War ended
  • France dominant European power
  • Dutch independence
  • Swiss independent
  • Germans could select Calvinism
  • Protestantism tolerated*
  • Spain loses a lot
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16
Q

Initiated the first English translation of the Bible, precursor to Prot. Reformation

A

John Wycliffe

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17
Q

This declared Luther a heretic, allowing him to be killed, but due to his popularity he didn’t have to worry

A

Edits of Worms

18
Q

Tenets of Lutheranism

A
  • education for all, including women
  • gender roles enforced
  • clergy can marry
  • salvation by faith alone
19
Q

Zwingli’s tenets

A
  • Baptism and Communion (like Luther)

- Church=ultimate authority

20
Q

This gave Huguenots freedom to worship

A

Edit of Nantes

21
Q

Results of the Council of Trent

A
  • reasserts supremacy of clerics over laity
  • reformed indulgences
  • reformed transubstantiation
  • showed that Protestantism and Catholicism were so different the two could not be reconciled**
22
Q

This religious society appeared after the Counter-Reformation to convert Protestant to Catholicism

A

Jesuits

23
Q

Result of Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Land in the new world was divided between Spain and Portugal

24
Q

Who did Pizarro conquer in the new world

A

Incan empire

25
Q

Who did Cortes conquer in the new world

A

the Aztecs (conquered Montezuma at Tenochtitlan)

26
Q

Factors leading to the Renaissance

A
  • nationalism
  • Crusades
  • trade revival
  • rebirth of Greek culture
27
Q

This revolt occurred when the poor in Italy revolted against feuds between the rulers and the capitalist merchants in the city

A

The Ciompi Revolt

28
Q

the Ciompi revolt led to…

A

-Medicis come into power and restore stability of France (4 years after)

29
Q

This invention resulted in the spread of Renaissance ideals throughout Europe

A

the printing press

30
Q

Dutch humanist and theologian (Catholic) who argued for education in a Christian model

A

Erasmus

31
Q

Machiavelli’s the prince asserted…

A
  • power > ethics/morals
  • better to be feared than loved
  • needs truthful admirers
  • break treaties when good for him and assume everyone else does the same
32
Q

This English King manipulated Parliament

A

Henry 7

33
Q

Causes of the 100 Years War (france v. england)

A
  • control over Gascony
  • rebellions supported by Britain in French towns
  • English claims to French throne
34
Q

This sparked the 100 Years War

A

-death of King Charles IV

35
Q

two places the pope has been

A

Rome

Avignon (france)

36
Q

Mesopotamia is in modern day…

A

Iraq, Iran, Turkey

37
Q

Biggest Sumerian settlement

A

Uruk

38
Q

This ancient settlement had a lot of written materials and military technologies/strategy

A

Akkadians

39
Q

Where is the Epic of Gilgamesh from

A

Sumeria

40
Q

What settlement started cuneiform

A

Sumeria

41
Q

This is the first ancient settlement that highlights different religions in order to maintain poewr

A

Persia

History (12 decks)

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