Clauses and Their Relationships Flashcards
What is an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE?
A clause that stands on its own—it can be a complete sentence.
In order to be a sentence, every sentence must have a
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE may also be referred to as
MAIN CLAUSES
What is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE?
A clause (with a subject and predicate) that does not make sense on its own
What do DEPENDENT CLAUSES have that INDEPENDENT CLAUSES don’t?
A word that links the DEPENDENT CLAUSE to the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
BECAUSE she hated her
The words that link dependent to independent clauses are known as …
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Because
When
While
After
If
Though
Even if
Provided that
What is the purpose of SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS?
to establish a dependent relationship between a dependent clause and another clause or clauses by a connecting word that creates a subordinate relationship.
Because she hated her so much, Sarah didn’t invite Alice to her party.
How do coordinating conjunctions connect clauses?
They link independent clauses and create a relationship of equality between the two.
Hungry Sharon at all the sandwiches
AND
thirsty pat drank all the lemonade
Some subordinating conjunctions can also serve as prepositions. How do you determine if a word is acting as a preposition or subordinating conjunction?
A preposition will have a (noun) object.
A subordinating conjunction will have a clause after it.
What are relative pronouns?
A way to connect clauses with pronouns, instead of conjunctions
Similar to conjunctions, relative pronouns tie together groups of words–but they are pronouns, so they stand in for nouns.
Bill has a brother who lives in New York
Identify the dependent clause
Bill has a brother who lives in New York
I read the book that you recommended
Relative clauses
who lives in New York
that you recommended
What is “who” doing in the sentence
Bill has a brother who lives in New York.
who is a relative pronoun that is connecting the clause
Bill has a brother
with
who (brother) lives in New York
and is also establishing a relationship between the two, making “who lives in New York a
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
What is a SIMPLE SENTENCE?
A sentence with one clause–an independent/main clause.
Name that sentence type:
Miss Scarlet committed the murder in the drawing room with the candlestick.
Simple
Remember: prepositional phrases are PHRASE, not CLAUSES. This sentence has just one independent clause.
Name that setence type:
“Run!”
Simple
the implied subject makes this an independent clause and thus a sentence.
What is a compound sentence?
A sentence that is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction.
Hungry Sharon ate all the sandwiches, and Pat was unhappy about that.
What purpose do compound sentences serve?
To bring together two closely related thoughts.
I am not hungry, but I will eat.